Detection and Identification of Root Knot Nematodes in Chrysanthemum Based on Morphological and Molecular Characters

Abstract

Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum Tzvelev) is a horticultural commodity that has significant economic value for Indonesia. One of the constraints in the production of chrysanthemum is infection of root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). The objective of this research was to identify species of Meloidogyne associated with chrysanthemum in West Java based on morphological and molecular characters. Morphological identification method is based on the shape and size of eggs, second stage juveniles, males and females perineal pattern of nematodes. Molecular identification was done through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primer pairs specific to M. incognita, M. javanica and M. arenaria. The result showed identification morphologically was found three species of Meloidogyne namely M. javanica, M. incognita and M. arenaria based on the molecular characterization, M. javanica is the only one of species that associated with chrysanthemum in West Java.