Analisis Situasi Pangan dan Gizi untuk Perumusan Kebijakan Operasional Ketabanan Pangan dan Gizi Kabupaten Lampung Barat

Abstract

Ketahanan Pangan merupakan suatu sistem yang komplek melibatkan peran lintas sektor dengan multi disiplin, pembangunan ketahanan pangan memerlukan acuan yang memuat konsep dan filosofi, kebijakan, strategi, hingga kegiatan operasional, serta peran masing-masing pihak, sesuai dengan kondisi, potensi, kebutuhan dan permasalahan daerah dalam mewujudkan ketahanan pangan Kabupaten Lampung Barat. Undang-undang Nomor 7 Tahun 1997 tentang Pangan yang diatur lebih lanjut dengan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 68 Tahun 2002 pasal 13-14 menggariskan bahwa peran pemerintah daerah (pemerintah propinsi, Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota, Pemerintah desa) dibidang ketahanan pangan adalah melaksanakan kebijakan dan pencapaian sasaran pembangaunan ketahanan pangan diwilayah masing-masing. Selanjutnya Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 38 Tahun 2007 tentang Pembagian Urusan Pemerintah antara Pemerintah, Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi dan Pemerintah Daerah KabupatenIKota menyebutkan bahwa bidang ketahanan pangan adalah urusan wajib. Dengan telah diterbitkannya Kebijakan Umum Ketahanan Pangan (KUKP), maka setiap Kabupaten/ diwajibkan untuk menjabarkannya lebih lanjut kedalam kebijakan operasional ketahanan pangan yang disesuaikan dengan potensi daerah masing-masing.

Food security is a complex system that involves multi sectors and multi disciplines. Therefore, it needs guidance in policy, strategy, and operational activity that appropriate with regional condition, potential, requirement, and problem, in order to create food security in Lampung Barat District. The objectives of this research were: 1) to know the situation of food and nutrition security in Lampung Barat District, 2) to know the strategic circumstance of food security, and 3) to formulate operational policy recommendation for food and nutrition security in Lampung Barnt District. The research was conducted in Lampung Barat District. The primary data was obtained by interview and questionnaire filling in order to formulate alternatives of food security operational policy in Lampung Barat District by using quantitative analysis approach, which is Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The secondary data was used to know the actual condition of food and nutrition security by using descriptive analysis and to formulate strategic circumstance of food security by using SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats). The result of the showed that the situation of food security based on availability, shown by energy availability was 140% of Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for energy (2200 kcal/capitalday), while the protein availability was 74.28 gramlcapitalday. The consumption in Lampung Barnt District reaches 95.6% of RDA for energy in quantity, but only reaches Desirable Dietary Pattern Score 78.8 in quality. The strategic circumstance of food security in Lampung Barat District is categorized in quadrant II (supporting diversification strategy). Thus, the recommendation for the first priority of policy recmmendation is development human resource.