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Title: | Rancang bangun kebijakan pengelolaan taman nasional secara berkelanjutan di era otonomi daerah Designing a sustainable management policy of national park in the decentralized era |
Authors: | Eriyatno Noor, Erliza Sofyar, fadjar Adiprasetyo, Teguh |
Keywords: | sustainable management model national park soft system methodology |
Issue Date: | 2010 |
Publisher: | IPB (Bogor Agricultural University) |
Abstract: | Di Indonesia pertumbuhan jumlah taman nasional cukup cepat, sampai tahun 2004 terdapat 50 unit taman nasional dengan total luasan 12.4 juta hektar. Taman nasional memiliki fungsi strategis dan dapat memberikan manfaat dari kegiatan konservasi. Kebijakan pengelolaan kawasan konservasi selama ini terfokus pada konservasi sumberdaya alam. Meskipun kawasan konservasi mempunyai tujuan utama pada upaya konservasi sumberdaya alam, tetapi secara normatif perlu diupayakan untuk memenuhi tujuan yang lebih luas untuk merekonsiliasi ketegangan antara sistem alam dengan sistem manusia. Perubahan politik yang lebih demokratis dan otonomi daerah memberikan konsekuensi bahwa pemerintah pusat tidak lagi menjadi satu-satunya institusi yang bertanggung jawab dalam mengelola kawasan konservasi. Pemerintah daerah dan masyarakat lokal dapat mempunyai peran yang lebih besar dalam mendukung efektifitas pengelolaan kawasan konservasi. Perubahan lingkungan ini bisa berdampak positif maupun negatif terhadap kawasan konservasi, dampak negatif yang sering dijumpai antara lain perambahan lahan, perburuan ilegal, maupun fragmentasi habitat jika kebijakan pengelolaannya hanya terfokus pada sistem ekologi. Perubahan-perubahan ini tidak bisa dihindari. Untuk itu, diperlukan pendekatan kebijakan yang dapat menyeimbangkan aspek sosial ekonomi dengan aspek ekologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model kebijakan pengelolaan taman nasional secara berkelanjutan di era otonomi daerah dengan menggunakan pendekatan soft dan hard system methodology. Studi kasus dilakukan di Taman Nasional Kerinci Seblat dan desa sekitar di Kabupaten Kerinci dan Lebong. Responden rumah tangga masyarakat sekitar taman nasional dan pakar dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Data primer dan sekunder diolah menggunakan teknik analisis isi, statistik, strategic assumption surfacing and testing, pemodelan interpretasi struktural, dan fuzzy analisis hirarki proses. National park plays an important role in conserving nature, biodiversity and life supporting system. However, sectoral policy set up intended to manage national park may hinder that crusial role for humankind. Therefore, there has to be alternative approach to create a sound and effective public policy to manage national park sustainably. Critical system thinking could provide practical framework on policy analysis. This study was intended to develop a sustainable management policy model of national park using soft and hard system methodology approach. The results revealed that the need of such system was to balance social, economic, environment and natural resources for supporting sustainable development. The goals of the system were to protect valuable national park ecosystem for human wellbeing, to increase wealth of local residents close to national park, and to secure the existence of culture. The park authority should pay more attention to local people since they might behave as supporter or destroyer. Conceptual policy model of sustainable national park management was developed, namely National Park Management System Based on Ecosystem and Community which consisted of 3 models which were Management Model, Institutional Model and Funding Model. The model was considered as Community Initiative Government Support. In order to overcome coordination problem, to enhance comanagement and to increase benefit to local people, it is suggested that Working Group of National Park Planning Management and Village Owned Enterprise might be established. In addition, National Park Office should be enacted to General Service Agency of National Park as for efficiency and flexibility of financial management which are more transparent, accountable and professional. |
URI: | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/55242 |
Appears in Collections: | DT - Multidiciplinary Program |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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2010tad.pdf Restricted Access | full text | 5.39 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Abstract.pdf Restricted Access | Abstract | 288.73 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
BAB I Pendahuluan.pdf Restricted Access | BAB I | 333.37 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
BAB II Tinjauan Pustaka.pdf Restricted Access | BAB II | 625.21 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
BAB III Metodologi Penelitian.pdf Restricted Access | BAB III | 714.56 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
BAB IV Analisis Situasional.pdf Restricted Access | BAB IV | 927.37 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
BAB V Analisis Kebijakan.pdf Restricted Access | BAB V | 661.23 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
BAB VI Model Konseptual Kebijakan.pdf Restricted Access | BAB VI | 1.83 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
BAB VII Kesimpulan dan Saran.pdf Restricted Access | BAB VII | 287.93 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Cover.pdf Restricted Access | Cover | 301.74 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Daftar Pustaka.pdf Restricted Access | Daftar Pustaka | 322.08 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Lampiran.pdf Restricted Access | Lampiran | 520.67 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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