Value of water and benefit for communities and Hydropower Way Besai on land use change in Sumberjaya Sub-District, Lampung Barat District, Lampung Province,

Abstract

Forest conversion to other land use systems will affect to water supply, both in quantity as well as in quality due to environment services function. Communities use water as an important daily needs, farmers use as an agriculture input and hydropower company uses as an input in producing electricity. In the other side, communities need agricultural land as source of income. Valuing water as source of household need, agriculture input, particularly to produce rice and coffee and source of electricity production at current condition is one of the aim of this study. In the other part, communities’ income based on the land use change scenario had also been quantified to know land use composition in Sumberjaya which provide the maximum communities and Hydropower income. Amount of 150 samples (respondents) in three villages, Simpang Sari (downstream), Sukajaya (middle stream) and Tribudi Sukur (upstream) had been interviewed related to willingness to pay of water and income from agricultural (rice and coffee). GenRiver model used to generate water discharge at five land use scenarios, scenario 1 (13% monoculture coffee), scenario 2 (61% coffee-based agroforestry), scenario 3 (23% forest), scenario 4 (30% forest) and scenario 5 (84% forest). Water dischage is an important component of Hydropower to produce electricity and generate income. Average of willingness to pay of water in Sumberjaya is amounted to Rp. 503.30 per m3. Total water value is Rp 608.629.000.000 per year in Sumberjaya, coffee is Rp. 236,121,720,331.00 per year or equal with Rp 6,223,556.15 per hectare per year and electricity production by Hydropower is Rp 359.106.730.000 per year. Value of water to produce electricity by Hydropower is the highest component (59%) from total water value in Sumberjaya then followed by coffee which is 39%. Land use change scenario in Sumberjaya indicate that scenario 2 which consists of coffee-based agroforestry 33,062 hectare (61%), simple shade coffee 7,046 hectare (13%), forest and paddy field each of them 5.420 hectare (10%), horticulture and settlement each of them 1.626 hectare (3%) give the highest income for communities, even though the total income of HYDROPOWER Way Besai income was decreased, but not significant different. Total income for communities in scenario 2 is Rp 339,095,140,000.00 per year or equal to Rp 3,490,787.94 per household and total income of Hydropower Way Besai Rp 352,252,000,000.00 per year. Due to maintain water resources sustainability, integrated management between communities, particularly coffee and rice farmer with Hydropower and local government is needed. Keeping 10% of remnant forest and applying coffee-based on agroforestry system in Sumberjaya area should be the main point of policy.