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http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/55115| Title: | Sustainable land productivity improvement for small scale cocoa plantations in the Border Area of East Kalimantan- Malaysia: case study on Sebatik Island, Nunukan Regency, East Kalimantan Province Peningkatan produktivitas lahan berkelanjutan untuk perkebunan kakao rakyat di Kawasan Perbatasan Kalimantan Timur - Malaysia (Studi Kasus di Pulau Sebatik, Kabupaten Nunukan, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur) |
| Authors: | Sabiham, Supiandi Yahya, Sudirman Amien, Le Istiqlal Hidayanto, Muhamad |
| Keywords: | border area land productivity Sebatik Island sustainable |
| Issue Date: | 2010 |
| Publisher: | IPB (Bogor Agricultural University) |
| Abstract: | Sebatik Island is a major producer of cocoa in the Nunukan Regency. Productivity of cocoa from study area is less than of potential production. Improving land productivity is very important to increase productivity and quality of cocoa. This study was conducted on Sebatik Island, Nunukan Regency, East Kalimantan Province. The objectives of this study were: (1) to analyze land suitability of cocoa, (2) to examine the gap of land productivity of cocoa, (3) to examine sustainability index of land productivity of cocoa, (4) to identify need analysis, and (5) to formulate policy recommendations of sustainable land productivity improvement for small scale cocoa plantations. Methodology of this study was desk study, field survey and in-depth interview. Primary and secondary data obtained from field surveys (biophysical and socio-economic), and reinforced by the opinions of experts or specialists in their field. Soil sample was analysis to determine the physical soil properties, chemical and biological soil properties. Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) it’s called RAP-COCOA SEBATIK (Rapid Appraisal for Cocoa on Sebatik Island) was used to evaluate sustainability of land productivity of cocoa. The result of this study indicated that: (1) land suitability of cocoa on Sebatik Island was suitable i.e. moderately suitable (S2) 7.616 ha (31,14%), marginally suitable (S3) 12.965 ha (53,01%) and not suitable (N) 3.628 ha (14,83%); (2) land productivity in existing conditions less than the optimum conditions and factors gap between current conditions and expected conditions include are the use of agricultural inputs (fertilizers, pesticide), plant maintenance (pest and disease eradication, pruning, rejuvenation), fermentation, integration crops and livestock; (3) analysis of farming system in the existing condition, B/C >1 [farming system of small scale cacao plantations on Sebatik Island is profitable]. However, in order to meet the needs of decent living required minimum land area (Lm) approximately 3,54 to 4,35 ha/household; (4) sustainability analysis for six dimensions (ecology, economic, social-cultural, infrastructure and technology, law and institutional, security and defender) on the existing conditions of moderately suitable (S2) i.e. ecological dimension less sustainable (40,75%), economic less sustainable (48,58%), socio-culture sustainable (75,20%), infrastructure and technology less sustainable (40,49%), law and institutional less sustainable (36,39%), defense and security less sustainable (36,39%). On marginally suitable (S3) i.e. ecological dimension less sustainable (36,78%), economic less sustainable (44,87%), socio-culture sustainable (75,20%), infrastructure and technology less sustainable (32,96%), law and institutional less sustainable (36,39%), defense and security less sustainable (36,39%). Therefore, more effort are required to increase land productivity and the index sustainability of small scale cocoa plantations on Sebatik Island. Kawasan perbatasan Pulau Sebatik letaknya sangat strategis bagi Indonesia dan Provinsi Kalimantan Timur, baik ditinjau dari aspek geoekonomi, geopolitik, geografi, maupun geokultural. Permintaan komoditas kakao dari Pulau Sebatik untuk tujuan ekspor semakin tinggi tetapi tidak diimbangi dengan kualitas hasil (mutu rendah), sehingga harganya relatif rendah di pasar Malaysia. Produktivitas kakao dari daerah ini semakin menurun disebabkan antara lain oleh umur tanaman sudah tua, serangan hama penyakit dan rendahnya produktivitas lahan. Perkebunan kakao rakyat di daerah tersebut pada umumnya belum dikelola dengan baik, sehingga produktivitas hasil tanaman relatif rendah. Permasalahan pembangunan pertanian khususnya perkebunan kakao rakyat di kawasan perbatasan Pulau Sebatik cukup komplek dan memerlukan penanganan yang lebih komprehensif dan berkelanjutan. Hasil-hasil penelitian selama ini menunjukkan bahwa penanganan berbagai masalah di sektor pertanian telah banyak dilakukan, namun masih parsial dan belum mampu mengatasi masalah yang kompleks. Oleh karena itu untuk menyelesaikan berbagai permasalahan perkebunan kakao rakyat di kawasan perbatasan ini perlu dilakukan secara holistik, yang memadukan aspek ekologi, ekonomi, sosial budaya, teknologi dan infrastruktur, hukum dan kelembagaan, serta pertahanan dan keamanan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kawasan perbatasan Pulau Sebatik, Kabupaten Nunukan, Propinsi Kalimantan Timur dari bulan Maret hingga November 2009. Tujuan penelitian adalah: (a) mempelajari kesesuaian lahan untuk tanaman kakao, (b) mempelajari kesenjangan dan kendala produktivitas lahan perkebunan kakao rakyat, (c) mempelajari status keberlanjutan produktivitas lahan perkebunan kakao rakyat, (d) mengidentifikasi kebutuhan stakeholders, dan (e) menformulasikan arahan kebijakan peningkatan produktivitas lahan berkelanjutan perkebunan kakao rakyat di kawasan perbatasan Pulau Sebatik. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur, survei lapangan dan wawancara. Data primer dan sekunder diperoleh dari survei lapangan (biofisik dan sosial ekonomi), serta diperkuat oleh pendapat para pakar atau ahli di bidangnya. Sampel tanah hasil survei lapangan dilakukan analisis laboratorium untuk mengetahui sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah. Analisis data meliputi: (1) analisis kesesuaian lahan, (2) analisis kesenjangan dan kendala produktivitas lahan, (3) analisis ekonomi, (4) analisis keberlanjutan, (5) analisis kebutuhan stakeholders, dan (6) analisis prospektif. Analisis keberlanjutan menggunakan Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) yang disebut RAP-COCOA SEBATIK (Rapid Appraisal for Cocoa on Sebatik Island), hasilnya dinyatakan dalam bentuk indeks dan status keberlanjutan. Analisis Leverage dan Monte Carlo digunakan untuk mengetahui atribut-atribut sensitif atau pengungkit yang berpengaruh terhadap indeks dan status keberlanjutan. Untuk menyusun formulasi rekomendasi kebijakan dilakukan analisis prospektif berdasarkan hasil analisis keberlanjutan dan analisis kebutuhan stakeholders. |
| URI: | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/55115 |
| Appears in Collections: | DT - Multidiciplinary Program |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cover.pdf Restricted Access | COVER | 418.5 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| 2010mhi.pdf Restricted Access | fullteks | 3.71 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| Lampiran.pdf Restricted Access | Lampiran | 550.92 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| Daftar Pustaka.pdf Restricted Access | Daftar Pustaka | 337.53 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| Abstract.pdf Restricted Access | abstract | 325.71 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| BAB I Pendahuluan.pdf Restricted Access | BAB I | 356.63 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| BAB II Tinjauan Pustaka.pdf Restricted Access | BAB II | 356.8 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| BAB III Gambaran Umum Lokasi Penelitian.pdf Restricted Access | BAB III | 367.37 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| BAB IV Metode Penelitian.pdf Restricted Access | BAB IV | 965.06 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| BAB V Hasil dan Pembahasan.pdf Restricted Access | BAB V | 2.32 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| BAB VI Rekomendasi Kebijakan.pdf Restricted Access | BAB VI | 323.37 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| BAB VII Kesimpulan dan Saran.pdf Restricted Access | BAB VII | 312.29 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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