Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antimikroba Fraksi Ekstrak Daun dan Ranting Jarak Pagar ( Jatropha curcas L. ) serta Pemanfaatannya pada Produk Personal Hygien

Abstract

The development of jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L) in Indonesia need to be followed by the optimum utilization of all parts of the plants, including the leaves and twigs. Assessment of antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of leaves and twigs extract/extract fraction of Jatropha curcas L and their use in personal hygiene products, is an effort to increase added value of Jatropha curcas’s leaves. Extract of Jatropha curcas in this study were obtained trough a solvent extraction process using ethanol 96% by the method of soxhlet and maceration. Extract fraction obtained by performing advanced stages in the extract called fractination. Antioxidant activity was analized by using DPPH method at concentration of 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 20 ppm. While the analysis of antimicrobial activity performes by well diffusion method against Candida albicans, Microsporum gypseum, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at the concentration of extract/extract fraction 1, 2, and 3%. The result showed that crude extract of maceration and ethyl acetate fraction of soxhlet have the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 7.2 and 7.8 ppm where this values were not significantly different. In other side, the result of antimicrobial activity indicated the present of antimicrobial inhibitory of maceration crude extract against Microsporum gypseum. It proved by the formation of clear zones of inhibition around the wells with diameter of 12, 14, and 20 mm for concentration 1, 2, and 3%. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the inhibitory against Microsporum gypseum only at concentration of 3% extract with diameter of inhibitory zones 14 mm. The extract/extract fraction showed no inhibitory activity against other microbes. Utilization of selected extract fraction applied to one of personal hygiene product, transparent soap, by utilizing its antioxidant activity. Soap with the addition of ethyl acetate fraction of Jatropha curcas at a concentration level of 1.0% produces soap with antioxidant activity of 37.25% and the rate of foam stability about 83.23%.