Kajian Pola Penyerapan Etilen dan Oksigen untuk Penyimpanan Buah Segar

Abstract

Most fruits are still doing respiration even after been harvested. Respiration causes ripening of the fruit and at the end will causes wilting and rotting them. There are several things that influences Respiration Quote including ethylene and oxygen gas. The ethylene and oxygen gas will increase Respiration Quote and causes the damaging of fruit and at the end will decrease its storage time. Postharvest treatments carried out in order to maintain the quality of fresh fruit. One of the treatments that can be used is potassium permanganate as ethylene scavenger and ascorbic acid as oxygen scavenger. The objectives of this study were to determine the effectiveness of ethylene and oxygen scavenger, the effect of airflow and to learn model of ethylene and oxygen adsorption. Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) and ascorbic acid (C6H8O6) which used in this study were KMnO4 75%, KMnO4 10%, C6H8O6 40%, and C6H8O6 60%. Each of the salute was adsorpted by activated carbon as adsorption media. In addition, 700 rpm and 1800 rpm velocity of fan were applied in each KMnO4 and C6H8O6 combination. The using of velocity fan produced 0.159 m3/s and 0.408 m3/s volumetric airflow. Based on research, R1K1A2 (1800 rpm, KMnO4 75%, C6H8O6 60%) showed best result because it was able to decrease ethylene up to 121.40233 ppm in second hour measurement and there was not any ethylene measured at the next hour measurements. In oxygen measurement, the best behavior wos R2K1A2 (700rpm, KMnO4 75%, C6H8O6 60%) because it was able to decrease oxygen up to 20.5% while others were only reach 20.6%. Model of ethylene adsorption follows quadratic polynomial equation: E(t) = 0.0426 - 0.0127t+0.0009t2, E(t) is ethylene adsorption rate (ml/gram/hour) and t is time in hour. Model of oxygen adsorption follows linier equation, E(t) = 21.02 – 0.0158t, E(t) is oxygen concentration (%) and t is time in hour.