Pengaruh waktu oksidasi terhadap mutu kulit Samoa pada proses penyamakan minyak yang dipercepat dengan Hidrogen Peroksida

Abstract

Leather tanning is a process of modifying the structure of collagen fibres, so as to transform animal skin that decay easily, into leather which is durable and stable to the environmental influences. One of the leather products is oil tanned leather, known as chamois leather. It has unique uses for cleaning, drying, and filtration. It can be produced by using rubber seed oil and oxidizing agent of hydrogen peroxide. The best condition for the tanning needs to be applied in order to improve process efficiency and to obtain good quality leather. In this research, optimizations of oxidation times inside and outside the rotary drum in chamois tanning were investigated. The objectives of the research were to determine the best condition of oxidation time inside and outside the rotary drum for tanning process. The experiment was conducted by tanning of goat pickle pelts for 4, 6, and 8 hours of oxidation times inside the rotary drum and 1, 2, and 3 days of oxidation times outside the rotary drum. The chemical, physical, and organoleptic properties of the leather were measured. This study shows that the chemical, physical, and organoleptic properties met the quality requirements for the chamois leather. The best conditions for the tanning were an oxidation time of 8 hours inside the rotary drum and 1 day outside the rotary drum. The chemical properties of the leathers were oil content of 2.75%, ash content of 1.92%, and pH of 6.88. Their physical properties were thickness of 0.6 mm, shrinkage temperature of 71.63oC, water absorption of 291.36% (2 hours) and 323.89% (24 hours), tear strength of 59.45 N/mm, tensile strength of 26.18 N/mm2, and elongation at break of 163.33%. The organoleptic properties of the leathers, i.e. softness, colour, and odour were considered good.