Determining Oil Palm Plantation Potential Location Using Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation (Case Study Musi Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra Province)

Abstract

Indonesia has the potential land to grow oil palm plantation and currently being the largest producer of crude palm oil (CPO). Satellite remote sensing data is very potential to be used in studies of forest conditions and plantation, because remote sensing data gives current and accurate information. Sumatra Island, especially Musi Banyuasin regency is one of area that has potential for oil palm plantation development. The objective of this research is to determine the potential location of oil palm plantation development by considering bio-physical criteria such as climate suitability, land condition, and accessibility in Musi Banyuasin regency, and to evaluate the suitability map of oil palm plantation that obtained compared with existing plantation in Musi Banyuasin regency. The Method of this research is based on multi criteria decision making by implementing GIS model technology using spatial multi criteria evaluation that will determine location of oil palm plantation potential. Each criterion and alternatives should be evaluated and weighted using pairwise comparison method to determine the best location for oil palm plantation potential in Musi Banyuasin Regency. Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis using Spatial Multi Criteria Evaluation (SMCE) in finding the best location for oil palm plantation succeeded to choose Sungai Lilin Sub-District as the best location for oil palm plantation development. Sungai Lilin Sub-District has the total suitability area of 62,246.37 Ha or 20.30% of Musi Banyuasin area. Based on the calculation area and percentage of suitability map and existing oil palm plantation indicated that area Highly Suitable (S1) for development plantation area is 306,612.42 ha or 21.23% of Musi Banyuasin regency and for the existing plantation area is 223,699.66 ha or 15.49%.

Indonesia memiliki lahan yang potensial untuk pertumbuhan perkebunan kelapa sawit dan saat ini menjadi produsen terbesar minyak sawit mentah (CPO). Data satelit penginderaan jauh sangat potensial untuk digunakan dalam penelitian tentang kondisi hutan dan perkebunan, karena data penginderaan jauh memberikan informasi terbaru dan akurat. Pulau Sumatera, khususnya Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin adalah salah satu daerah yang memiliki potensi untuk pengembangan perkebunan kelapa sawit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan lokasi potensial pengembangan perkebunan kelapa sawit dengan mempertimbangkan kriteria bio-fisik seperti kesesuaian iklim, kondisi lahan, dan aksesibilitas di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin, dan untuk mengevaluasi peta kesesuaian perkebunan kelapa sawit yang diperoleh dibandingkan dengan perkebunan yang ada di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin. Metode penelitian didasarkan pada keputusan multi-kriteria yang menerapkan teknologi permodelan Sistem Informasi Geografis dengan menggunakan evaluasi spasial multi-kriteria yang akan menentukan lokasi potensial perkebunan kelapa sawit.