Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/52094
Title: Study Regeneration of Tengerine Citrus Batu 55 (Citrus reticulata) Through Somatic Embryogenesis Path Way
Studi Regenerasi Jeruk Keprok Batu 55 (Citrus reticulata L) Melalui Jalur Embriogenesis Somatik
Authors: Purwito, Agus
Husni, Ali
Merigo, Julis Anton
Keywords: Plant growth regulator
callus induction
regeneration
somatic embryogenesis
acclimatization
grafting
Issue Date: 2011
Publisher: IPB (Bogor Agricultural University)
Abstract: The global world market of citrus fruit that is consumed in fresh form to the current needs to fill a category of fruit that do not have seeds, easy to peel and has an attractive color (pigmented). Tangerine citrus Batu 55 is one of the mainstay of fresh fruit horticulture. Tangerine citrus Batu 55 has superior character who naturally have had so distinguished by citrus Siam but the characters are not as good as tangerine imports. Somatic embryogenesis is an important tool for supplying new varieties to be used cultivar genetic improvement programs in citrus, this technology has been extensively used and has many important implications. The objective of this research is to produce somatic embryos of Tangerine citrus Batu 55 from nucellar embryo. The research comprised: embryogenic callus induction, callus prolifertation, maturation of somatic embryo, germination of somatic embryo, shoot multiplication, roots induction, chromosome counting, acclimatization and grafting. The results showed that the medium of Murashige & Tucker + 3 mg/l BAP + 1 mg/l 2,4-D + 500 mg /l malt extract increased the percentage of the callus formation up to 40% after 4 weeks with total number of pre-embryos (PEM ) 31.0. The medium proliferation used was MS with the addition of vitamin Morell & Wetmore (MW) +3 mg/l BAP+300 mg/l casein hydrolisat. These medium improved callus diameter up to 2.3 mm after 4 weeks cultured. Maturation of embryos was obtained by transferring globular structure in the medium MW + 2.5 mg/l ABA + 500 mg/l malt extract. These medium increased the percentage of mature somatic embryo up to 98% after 4 weeks cultured. Somatic embryos up to 84% germinated when the cotyledons grown in the medium MW + 2.5 mg/l GA3. The shoot multiplication containing MW medium + 7 mg/l biotin +500 mg/l malt extract was able to produce the highest percentage of shoot multiplication up to 86 %. The root induction containing MS medium + 3 mg/l IBA was able to produce the highest percentage of root induction up to 86%. Acclimatization of plantlets with roots increased survival rate up to 90% after 5 weeks acclimatization.
Kebutuhan pasar dunia secara global terhadap buah jeruk yang dikonsumsi dalam bentuk segar untuk saat ini perlu memenuhi kategori buah yang tidak berbiji (seedless), mudah dikupas (easy peeling) dan mempunyai warna yang menarik (pigmented). Jeruk keprok batu 55 merupakan salah satu andalan buah segar hortikultura. Jeruk keprok batu 55 mempunyai karakter unggul yang secara alami telah dimilikinya sehingga membedakan dengan jeruk Siam akan tetapi karakter tersebut tidak sebaik jeruk keprok impor. Jeruk keprok impor telah mengalami perbaikan secara genetik sehingga buah tersebut memiliki karakter-karakter unggul. Hal inilah yang menjadikan jeruk keprok lokal kalah bersaing. untuk itu perlu adanya kesinambungan antara pemuliaan konvensional dan pemuliaan secara bioteknologi dalam memperbaiki sifat-sifat genetik jeruk keprok lokal agar dapat bersaing dengan jeruk keprok impor. Secara konvensional, perbaikan sifat dilakukan dengan persilangan antar varietas, spesies, genera atau kerabat yang lebih jauh yang memiliki sifat yang diinginkan. Namun teknik pemuliaan konvensional memerlukan waktu yang cukup lama dan biaya yang besar. Perbaikan genetik jeruk melalui hibridisasi dihambat dan dibatasi oleh sifat heterozigositas yang tinggi dan inkompatibilitas. Salah satu alternatif pemecahan masalah yaitu melalui teknik kultur jaringan atau teknik in vitro. Dalam hal ini teknik regenerasi tanaman secara embriogenesis somatik sangat penting dalam keberhasilan pemuliaan non konvensional.
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/52094
Appears in Collections:MT - Agriculture

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