Perawatan dan Rehabilitasi Satwa Tangkapan di Pusat Penyelamatan Satwa Cikananga, Sukabumi dan Gadog, Bogor

Abstract

Indonesia is one of countries in the world well-known as Megadiversity Country because it has high level of biodiversity, especially in wildlife species. Recently, wildlife species diversity of Indonesia was in endangered condition because of wildlife population that keep declining year to year. It was caused by the degradation of wildlife natural habitats. Furthermore, over exploitation of wildlife also become the causing factor of wildlife extinction. The animal rescue centres (ARC) in Indonesia was build to overcome the condition mentioned above. The objective of this research was to study and analyze the caring and rehabilitation techniques that applied in ARC towards captivated animal. This research was carried out at March 2011 at Cikananga ARC, which located at Cisitu village in Nyalindung sub district of Sukabumi regency, and Gadog ARC, which located at Sukakarya village in Megamendung sub district of Bogor regencyt. Data was collected trough three methods, which were interview of management and animal keeper of ARC, field observation, and literature review. Data was tabulated and described descriptively. There were 3575 individual (145 species) of animals at Cikananga ARC since 2001-2010. Most frequent animal which entered Cikananga ARC were Elang Brontok (Spizaetus cirrhatus), Elangular Bido (Spilornis cheela), Kukang (Nycticebus coucang), Long-tailed Monkey (Macaca fascicularis), and Pig-nosed Tortoise (Carettochelys insculpta). Treatments, which applied towards the animal at Cikananga ARC, were quarantine, placement in isolation cage, placement in observation cage and placement in socialization cage. There was only 17.42 of total number of animals at Cikananga ARC which were successfully reintroduced. The other animals were: trans-located to other ARC (28,03 %), die (45.45 %), in captivity at ARC (7.79 %) and no data (1.31 %). There were 249 individual (52 species) of animals at Gadog ARC since 2003-2011. Most frequent animal which entered Gadog ARC were Yellow-crested Cockatoo (Cacatua sulphurea), Green Peacock (Pavo muticus), Kukang (Nycticebus coucang), and Siamang (Hylobates syndactylus). Treatments, which applied towards the animal at Gadog ARC, were placement in observation cage and placement in socialization cage. There was only 6.83 % of total number of animals at Gadog ARC which successfully reintroduced. The other animals were: trans-located to other ARC (20.08 %), die (57.03 %) and in captivity at ARC (16.06 %).

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara di dunia dikenal sebagai Megadiversity Country karena memiliki keanekaragaman hayati yang sangat tinggi terutama keanekaragaman jenis satwaliarnya. Saat ini keanekaragaman jenis satwaliar Indonesia dalam keadaan terancam punah karena banyak populasi satwaliarnya semakin menurun dari tahun ke tahun. Salah satu penyebab terancamnya satwaliar adalah penurunan habitat alami. Selain itu, pemanfaatan satwaliar secara berlebihan juga menjadi penyebab punahnya satwaliar. Pusatpusat penyelamatan satwa di Indonesia dibangun untuk mengatasi bertambahnya satwaliar yang punah akibat kondisi di atas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji dan menganalisis teknik perawatan dan rehabilitasi yang dilakukan oleh PPS terhadap satwa tangkapan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret 2011 di PPS Cikananga Desa Cisitu Kecamatan Nyalindung Kabupaten Sukabumi dan PPS Gadog Desa Sukakarya Kecamatan Megamendung Kabupaten Bogor. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui tiga metode, yaitu wawancara dengan pengelola dan petugas pemelihara satwa PPS, pengamatan lapangan, dan studi pustaka. Data disajikan dalam bentuk tabulasi kemudian diuraikan secara deskriptif.