Tingkah Laku Domba Garut Akibat Pencukuran Serta Produksi Wol pada Status Fisiologis yang Berbeda.

Abstract

Garut Sheep have been well developed especially in West Java. Sheep production can be increased by good management practices. One of these is shearing program. Shearing hasn’t been implemented routinely in Indonesia because the shearing is aimed to keep sanitation of sheep, not for wool production. In Indonesian climate and for local sheep, effect of shearing on sheep behavior and wool growth have not been studied intensively. It is therefore this research was conducted to study responses before, during, and after shearing on sheep behavior and wool production as first indicator to sheep normal production. There were 24 Garut sheep from PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk. that have been used in this research. They consisted of 8 male, 8 female of I0 and 8 dry ewe I1. The behavior of agonistic, ingestive, eliminative, care giving, and vocalization were observed before, during, and after shearing by using one zero sampling method. Wool production observed with shorn in midside and than reshorn after 28 days to observe wool growth. Behavior data were analyzed by using Descriptive Analysis and wool production data were analyzed by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results show that status physiology did not give significant effects (P>0,05) on wool production. Average of wool growth in length, weight and diameter were 0,39 ± 0,02 mm/day, 0,43 ± 0,01 mg/cm2/day and 124,37 ± 22,73 μm respectively. Agonistic behavior was the most frequently behavior during shearing, 16,13±3,37 times/shearing. Frequency of eliminative and agonistic behaviors were very rarely shown during observation. Frequency of ingestive behavior increase after the shearing. However frequency of care giving behavior decreased after the shearing. It is concluded that shearing is recommended to become routinely good farming practices in Garut sheep is regard of normal sheep behavior and wool production

Domba Garut tipe pedaging banyak berkembang di Indonesia terutama di Jawa Barat. Domba Garut merupakan salah satu domba lokal yang memiliki produksi wol yang lebih banyak, sehingga memungkinkan dilakukannya pemanenan wol Domba Garut. Pemanenan dilakukan dengan pencukuran, pencukuran wol selain mempengaruhi tingkat infasi ektoparasit juga diduga akan menyebabkan pengaruh terhadap tingkah laku domba tersebut. Selain itu setelah pencukuran wol akan mengalami pertumbuhan kembali yang diduga akan berbeda pada status fisiologis domba yang berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari perubahan tingkah laku Domba Garut sebelum, saat dan sesudah pencukuran dan pertumbuhan panjang, pertumbuhan berat dan diameter wol Domba Garut. Penelitian dilakukan selama enam minggu dari bulan Agustus hingga September 2010 di peternakan PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa, Tbk Domba yang digunakan sebanyak 24 ekor yang terdiri atas 8 ekor jantan I0, 8 ekor betina I0 dan 8 ekor induk kering. Pengamatan tingkah laku menggunakan metode one zero sampling yaitu dengan memberikan nilai satu apabila domba melakukan tingkah laku yang diamati dan nilai nol apabila domba tidak melakukan tingkah laku tersebut. Pengukuran produksi wol dilakukan dengan cara mengukur berat, panjang, dan diameter wol. Pengukuran diawali dengan mencukur bagian midside domba dan dibiarkan hingga 28 hari kemudian dicukur kembali untuk mengukur produksi wolnya. Peubah yang diamati adalah tingkah laku agonistic, ingestive, membuang kotoran, merawat diri dan vokalisasi. Data tingkah laku dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Deskriptif dan data pertumbuhan wol dianalisis dengan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).