Pemetaan kawasan berpotensi banjir menggunakan sistem informasi georafis

Abstract

Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) can be applied to identify potential flood area. Remote Sensing helps to extract information without direct interaction with the object. On the other hand, GIS can be used to identify flood prone of an area using overlay method toward the parameters that causes flood phenomena. The object of this research was to mapping the vulnerability of flood area in Indramayu Regency using cartography models of biophysics parameters, to study the distribution and characteristic of flood area in Indramayu Regency, and to study the result using different rainfall parameters and weight category for mapping vulnerable flood area in Indramayu Regency. Data processing was done using software such as ArcView 3.3, ERDAS Imagine 9.1, and Frame & Fill (USGS). The used data are rainfall, Landsat Imagery; DEM, SRTM data; soil map, river map, and landform map. The methods consist of imagery analysis, DEM data analysis, rainfall data analysis, attribute data analysis, spatial analysis dan vulnerabilty class analysis. Rainfall parameter divided into two groups, the first group used annual mean rainfall data and the second group used monthly mean rainfall data (threemonth peak of rainy season). Proportion of parameters that called as a weight category in this research divided into two groups, the first group with different weight and the second group with equal weight. The results showed that Indramayu Regency can be concluded as a potential flood area, where the north side of Indramayu Regency is more vulnerable rather than the south side. The land characteristic of the potential flood area are flat area, alluvial plains, bad drainage, and paddy field land cover. The map that using monthly mean rainfall data and different weight is more representative for mapping flood area in Indramayu Regency.