Ciri kimiawi asam resin kopal Agathis loranthifolia

Abstract

Copal is originated from exudate of Agathis loranthifolia trees, which flows out from the tapping. Indonesian copal includes manila copal, is divided into four groups among others: bua, loba, melengket and Pontianak copal. Research of resin acid from copal has not been widely studied. Therefore, purpose of this study is to identify resin acids of copal from Sukabumi and Ternate area. Extraction was done using acetone:MeOH (9:1) solvent, followed by fractionation using some solvents, i.e. n-hexane, ethylacetate, H2 O, and acetone:MeOH (9:1). Identification was done using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GCMS). The quality of copal was evaluated based on SNI 7634-2011. Resin acids copal from Sukabumi identified by GCMS are 44% limonene, ethylene oxide hexamer, cis-limonene oxide, toluene, trans-carveol, 2-siclohexane-1-one, trans-limonene oxide, and alpha pinene. Copal from Ternate are 37% limonene, ethylene oxide hexamer, preludin, toluene, carveol 1, 2-siclohexane-1-one, acetat acid, hexaethylen glycol, champhen, and trans-limonene oxide. However, fractionation of the copal converted resin acids to 100% carvone. These results suggest that limonene are easily oxidized to carvone. Properties of manila copal from Sukabumi and Ternate fall to the first class, and are possible to be improved to the premium class by removing some dirt compount.