Pemodelan spasial kesesuaian habitat harimau sumatera (Panthera tigris sumatrae Pocock, 1929) di Resort Ipuh-Seblat, Seksi Konservasi Wilayah II Taman Nasional Kerinci Seblat

Abstract

Harimau sumatera merupakan spesies kunci yang keberadaannya sangat terancam. Satwa ini hanya terdapat di Pulau Sumatera, dan saat ini hanya terdapat di beberapa lokasi (habitat) tertentu saja. Taman Nasional Kerinci Seblat (TNKS) sebagai salah satu habitat harimau adalah hutan alam yang masih tersisa di Pulau Sumatera dengan luas +- 1, 4 juta Ha. Dengan wilayah yang sangat luas tersebut, dalam pengelolaannya sangat dibutuhkan informasi dan analisis spasial yaitu dengan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG), Penginderaan Jauh (PJ) dan Global Positioning System (GPS) yang merupakan tiga teknologi spasial yang sangat berguna dalam pengelolaan sumberdaya alam hayati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah analisis spasial kesesuaian habitat harimau sumatera dan mengetahui luasannya di Resort Ipuh-Seblat, Seksi Konservasi Wilayah II Taman Nasional Kerinci Seblat.

Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) is critically endangered. It is an endemic species to Sumatra Kerinci Seblat National Park (KSNP)is about 1,4 million hectares and therefore one of the largest remaining tiger habitats in Sumatra. Reliable spatial information on tiger habitats derived from spatial technologies, such as Geographic Information System (GIS), as well as spatial analysis are needed to support KSNP management conserve tigers. The research objectives of this study were to spatially determine Sumatran tiger habitat suitability in the Ipuh-Seblat are located in the Conservation Division Section II of KNSP and to investigate the surrounding area. A tiger habitat suitability model was based on a review of the life requisites habitat of a tiger. These GIS layers included forest cover availability, water availability GIS layer was obtained from interpolation of prey encounter rates (ERs) derived from forest camera trap survey. Next, a distance to river layer was constructed from a river coverage map, slope ad elevation maps were obtainedfrom a contour map and a forest canopy density layer was obtained using a Leaf Area Index (LAI). All of these layers were then overlaid within a GIS and assigned a weight determined from analyzing the distribution of tigers using a Principle Component Analysis (PCA)