Identifikasi keragaman gen β-Kasein (CSN2) pada kambing peranakan etawah, saanen dan persilangannya dengan metode PCR-SSCP

Abstract

Casein genetic polymorphisms are important and well known due to their effects on quantitative traits and properties of milk. β-kasein gene is directly related to the quality and properties of milk. A protocol for the rapid and simultaneous genotyping of β-kasein alleles was conducted by single strand conformational polymorphism polymerase chain reaction (SSCP-PCR) method in goat. Screening β-kasein gene variability in 3 dairy goat breeds was conducted for Etawah Grade (77 samples), Saanen (67 samples) and PESA (Crossbreed Etawah Grade with Saanen) (29 samples) in Bogor and Sukabumi. The objective of this research was to identify polymorphism of the β-kasein (CSN2) gene in dairy goat. This research found three alleles of the β-casein gene, ie CSN2*A, CSN2*C, dan CSN2*O. In most breeds, CSN2*O occurred in the lowest frequency. The identification of the CSN2 gene variability in the goat breeds indicated the highly of the A allele. The CSN2*A allele had a high frequency in Saanen in Cijeruk (0,66); Etawah Grade in Cariu (0,62); and PESA in Cariu (0,54). While the CSN2*C allele had a high frequency in PESA in Balitnak (0,83); Etawah Grade in Ciapus (0,48); and Saanen in Taurus (0.38). Based on the results of chi-square analysis, found that Saanen in Cariu and Taurus were not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.