Effectivity of Jatropha curcas Seed Meal Fermented with Various Moulds as Protein Source for Male Mice (Mus musculus)

Abstract

Jatropha curcas L seed meal (JCSM) is a waste product of seed processing to produce oil as biofuel. This JCSM contains high crude protein (24.3%) leading to its use as protein source for animals. However, the utilization of JCSM is limited by the presence of antinutritional factors, such as phorbolester, curcin, trypsine inhibitor, phytate, saponin, tannin and lectin. Detoxification is needed to improve its utilization. Fermentation with various moulds as biological treatment was applied to reduce phorbolester and curcin in this experiment. This experiment was canied out to evaluate the effectivity of JCSM fermented with various moulds as protein source for mice. JCSM was treated with Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus o/')'Zae, Rhizopus oligosporus, Trichoderma viride, or Trichoderma reesei. Treatments applied in this experiment were RO (control diet without JCSM), RI (95% RO + 5% JCSM treated with A. niger), R2 (95% RO + 5% JCSM treated with R. oryzae), R3 (95% RO + 5% JCSM treated with R. oligosporusy; R4 (95% RO + 5% JCSM treated with T. viride), and R5 (95% RO + 5% JCSM treated with T. reeseh. Treatments were allocated in a completely randomized design with five replications and applied to thirty five sexual matured ofmale mice. Variables measured were feed intake, body weight gain, feed efficiency, nutrient digestibility and mortality. The data were analyzed with descriptive analysis. The results showed that the use of fermented JCSM as protein sources reduced feed intake and feed efficiency. The mice had drastic reduction in body weight. Treatment JCSM with A. niger increased nutrient digestibilities such as dry matter, organic matter, protein and energy. Mice conswning JCSM treated with various moulds still had high mortality rate. The use of JCSM treated with R. oligosporus was better than that treated with R. oryzae. It is concluded that the use of fermented JCSM with various moulds at 5% in ration has not been effective as protein sources for male mice.