OPTIMALISASI KONSENTRASI BENZYL AMINO PURINE (BAP) PADA PERTUMBUHAN EKSPLAN Stylosanthes guianensis MELALUI KULTUR JARINGAN

Abstract

Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) merupakan salah satu jenis sitokinin yang berfungsi sebagai zat pengatur tumbuh dalam kultur jaringan yang berperan penting dalam proses pembelahan serta diferensiasi sel tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi konsentrasi Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) yang paling optimal dalam merangsang pertumbuhan eksplan tanaman Stylosanthes guianensis secara in vitro melalui kultur jaringan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 20 ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut adalah P0 (media MS), P1 (media MS + 0,5 ppm BAP), P2 (media MS + 1 ppm BAP), P3 (media MS + 1,5 ppm BAP), dan P4 (media MS + 2 ppm BAP). Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA dan perlakuan yang berbeda nyata diuji lanjut dengan uji Duncan menggunakan software SPSS versi 20. Peubah yang diamati yaitu tinggi eksplan, jumlah daun, jumlah cabang, jumlah ranting, dan visualisasi warna daun. Hasil menunjukkan pemberian BAP pada berbagai taraf konsentrasi memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata (P<0,05) terhadap pertumbuhan eksplan Stylosanthes guianensis secara in vitro. Simpulan penelitian ini yaitu konsentrasi BAP 1 ppm optimal meningkatkan pertumbuhan eksplan Stylosanthes guianensis pada kultur jaringan in vitro.

Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) is a type of cytokinin that functions as a plant growth regulator in tissue culture and plays an important role in the processes of cell division and differentiation in plants. The objective of this study was to identify the optimal concentration of Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) in stimulating the in vitro growth of Stylosanthes guianensis explants through tissue culture. The experiment was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and twenty replications. The treatments consisted of P0 (MS medium), P1 (MS medium + 0.5 ppm BAP), P2 (MS medium + 1 ppm BAP), P3 (MS medium + 1.5 ppm BAP), and P4 (MS medium + 2 ppm BAP). Data were analyzed using ANOVA, and significant differences among treatments were further tested with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) using SPSS version 20. The observed variables included explant height, number of leaves, number of branches, number of shoots, and leaf color visualization. The results showed that the different BAP concentrations had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the in vitro growth of Stylosanthes guianensis explants. It can be concluded that 1 ppm BAP was the optimal concentration to enhance the growth of Stylosanthes guianensis explants in in vitro tissue culture.