Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/171474
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dc.contributor.advisorWirnas, Desta-
dc.contributor.advisorTrikoesoemaningtyas-
dc.contributor.advisorSutjahjo, Surjono Hadi-
dc.contributor.authorAhmadifauzan, Imam-
dc.date.accessioned2025-11-11T23:58:59Z-
dc.date.available2025-11-11T23:58:59Z-
dc.date.issued2025-
dc.identifier.urihttp://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/171474-
dc.description.abstractSorgum merupakan tanaman serealia yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai alternatif pangan di Indonesia dan mendukung program biofortifikasi. Sorgum memiliki toleran yang tinggi terhadap lingkungan marginal dan kandungan nutrisi makro dan mikro yang beragam. Perakitan varietas unggul dalam program pemuliaan tanaman untuk meningkatkan hasil dan biofortifikasi sorgum memerlukan tetua potensial dengan karakter agronomis unggul yang diikuti oleh kandungan besi (Fe) dan seng (Zn) yang tinggi. Dalam rangka mendukung program biofortifikasi melalui pemuliaan tanaman perlu dilakukan identifikasi karakter agronomi dan kandungan mikronutrisi Fe dan Zn biji plasmanutfah sorgum yang tersedia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) memperoleh informasi keragaman karakter agronomi dan hasil plasmanutfah introduksi, lokal dan varietas nasional serta galur pemuliaan IPB, 2) memperoleh informasi keragman kandungan Fe dan Zn biji plasmanutfah introduksi, lokal dan varietas nasional serta galur pemuliaan IPB, 3) memperoleh galur-galur terpilih untuk hasil tinggi serta kandungan Fe dan Zn lebih baik dari tetua atau pembanding. Pengukuran kandungan Fe dan Zn biji sorgum dilakukan menggunakan mesin X-ray fluorescence analyzer (XRF) (Oxford instrument X-Supreme8000) yang telah divalidasi dengan ICP (Inductively coupled plasma). Plasmanutfah teridentifikasi terdiri atas 20 galur pemuliaan IPB, enam varietas lokal, enam galur introduksi dan enam varietas nasional. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan plasmanutfah sorgum Indonesia memiliki kandungan Fe dan Zn biji yang cukup beragam. Varietas lokal memiliki rata-rata kandungan Fe dan Zn biji tertinggi dibandingkan galur introduksi, varietas nasional dan galur pemuliaan IPB. Genotipe Pulut 3 memiliki kandungan Fe biji tertinggi dengan rata-rata mencapai 54,45 ppm dan galur Soraya 3 memiliki kandungan Zn biji tertinggi dengan rata-rata mencapai 25,28 ppm. Kandungan Fe memiliki korelasi positif signifikan dengan kandungan Zn pada biji, namun berkorelasi negatif signifikan dengan bobot seribu biji. Identifikasi keragaman karakter agronomi plasmanutfah sorgum Indonesia dilakukan menggunakan rancangan augmented-RKLT faktor tunggal. Plasmanutfah yang digunakan sebanyak 20 galur pemulian IPB, tiga varietas lokal, enam galur introduksi, satu varietas nasional dan lima genotipe pembanding. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa plasmanutfah sorgum Indonesia memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap keragaman karakter jumlah daun, umur berbunga, umur masak, panjang malai, dan bobot seribu biji. Karakter jumlah daun, diameter batang, umur berbunga, umur masak, panjang malai, dan bobot seribu biji memiliki nilai heritabilitas arti luas yang tinggi, menunjukkan potensi besar untuk seleksi dalam program pemuliaan. Nilai koefisien keragaman genetik (KKG) tergolong sedang pada karakter luas daun bendera, panjang malai, bobot malai, dan bobot biji per malai, sedangkan karakter lainnya tergolong sempit. Karakter morfologi dan komponen hasil menunjukkan korelasi positif dengan karakter bobot biji per malai kecuali kehijauan daun dan panjang malai. Karakter agronomi seperti jumlah daun, diameter batang, umur berbunga dan masak, diameter malai, bobot malai, bobot biji per malai dan bobot seribu biji memiliki pengaruh terhadap peningkatan hasil. Kandungan Fe berpotensi untuk mendukung program biofortifikasi, terlebih uji korelasi menunjukkan peningkatan kandungan Fe biji akan diikuti oleh peningkatan kandungan Zn. Berdasarkan rata-rata dan nilai heritabilitas setiap karakter yang teramati, varietas nasional berpotensi dikembangkan untuk tujuan peningkatan hasil, sedangkan varietas lokal memiliki keunggulan dalam peningkatan kandungan mikronutrien.-
dc.description.abstractSorghum is a cereal crop with potential for development as an alternative food source in Indonesia and for supporting biofortification programs. Sorghum is highly tolerant to marginal environments and has a diverse range of macro and micro nutrients. The development of superior varieties in plant breeding programs to enhance sorghum yield and biofortification requires potential parent lines with superior agronomic characteristics, followed by high iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) content. To support biofortification programs through plant breeding, it is necessary to identify the agronomic characteristics and micronutrient content of Fe and Zn in sorghum germplasm seeds that are available. This study aims to: 1) obtain information on the diversity of agronomic traits and yields of introduced, local, and national varieties, as well as IPB breeding lines; 2) obtain information on the diversity of Fe and Zn content in seeds of introduced, local, and national varieties, as well as IPB breeding lines; 3) To identify selected lines with higher yields and better Fe and Zn content than their parents or controls. Measurements of Fe and Zn content in sorghum seeds were conducted using an X-ray fluorescence analyzer (XRF) (Oxford instrument X-Supreme8000) validated with ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma). The germplasm identified consisted of 20 IPB breeding lines, six local varieties, six introduced lines, and six national varieties. Test results show that Indonesian sorghum germplasm has quite diverse seed Fe and Zn content. Local varieties have the highest average seed Fe and Zn content compared to introduced lines, national varieties, and IPB breeding lines. The Pulut 3 genotype has the highest seed Fe content, with an average of 54.45 ppm, and the Soraya 3 line has the highest seed Zn content, with an average of 25.28 ppm. Fe content had a significant positive correlation with Zn content in seeds but a significant negative correlation with thousand-seed weight. The identification of agronomic trait diversity in Indonesian sorghum germplasm was conducted using a single-factor augmented RKLT design. The germplasm used included 20 IPB breeding lines, three local varieties, six introduced lines, one national variety, and five comparison genotypes. The analysis results showed that Indonesian sorghum germplasm had a significant effect on the diversity of leaf number, flowering age, maturity age, panicle length, and thousand-seed weight. The traits of leaf number, stem diameter, flowering age, maturity age, panicle length, and thousand-seed weight had high broad-sense heritability values, indicating great potential for selection in breeding programs. The genetic diversity coefficient (GDC) values were moderate for the traits of flag leaf area, panicle length, panicle weight, and grain weight per panicle, while the other traits had narrow values. Morphological traits and yield components showed positive correlations with grain weight per panicle, except for leaf greenness and panicle length. Agronomic traits such as number of leaves, stem diameter, flowering and maturity age, panicle diameter, panicle weight, seed weight per panicle, and thousand-seed weight influence yield improvement. Iron content has the potential to support biofortification programs, especially since correlation tests indicate that an increase in iron content in seeds is followed by an increase in zinc content. Based on the average and heritability values of each observed trait, national varieties have the potential to be developed for yield improvement purposes, while local varieties have advantages in enhancing micronutrient content.-
dc.description.sponsorshipnull-
dc.language.isoid-
dc.publisherIPB Universityid
dc.titleKeragaman Kandungan Fe dan Zn serta Produktivitas Biji Plasmanutfah Sorgum Indonesiaid
dc.title.alternativeDiversity of Fe and Zn Content and Productivity of Indonesian Sorghum Germplasm Seeds-
dc.typeTesis-
dc.subject.keywordbiofortifikasiid
dc.subject.keywordFe dan Znid
dc.subject.keywordheritabilitasid
dc.subject.keywordkorelasiid
dc.subject.keywordt-Dunnettid
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