Dinamika Daya Saing Ekspor Kepiting Olahan Indonesia Ke Negara Tujuan Utama

Abstract

Indonesia memiliki potensi besar dalam ekspor kepiting olahan sebagai komoditas unggulan perikanan bernilai tambah tinggi. Penelitian ini menganalisis daya saing dan dinamika ekspor kepiting olahan Indonesia ke Amerika Serikat, Jepang, Belanda, dan Britania Raya periode 2016–2024. Data sekunder dianalisis menggunakan metode Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) dan Dynamic Revealed Comparative Advantage (DRCA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepiting olahan Indonesia memiliki daya saing kuat di seluruh negara tujuan. Secara dinamis, pasar Amerika Serikat dan Belanda menempati posisi falling star di akhir periode analisis, sedangkan Jepang dan Britania Raya berada pada posisi leading retreat. Untuk menjaga keberlanjutan ekspor, diperlukan penguatan rantai pasok dari hulu hingga hilir, termasuk peningkatan kualitas dan stok bahan baku melalui budidaya berkelanjutan, efisiensi industri pengolahan, serta diversifikasi pasar ekspor. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan bagi pemerintah dan pelaku industri dalam merumuskan strategi peningkatan daya saing produk kepiting olahan Indonesia di pasar global.

Indonesia has great potential in processed crab exports as a high value-added fishery commodity. This study analyzes the competitiveness and export dynamics of Indonesia’s processed crab to the United States, Japan, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom during the 2016–2024 period. Secondary data were analyzed using the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Dynamic Revealed Comparative Advantage (DRCA) methods. The results show that Indonesia’s processed crab has strong competitiveness in all destination countries. Dynamically, the United States and the Netherlands were classified as falling star markets at the end of the analysis period, while Japan and the United Kingdom were in the leading retreat position. To ensure export sustainability, strengthening the supply chain from upstream to downstream is required, including improving raw material quality and stock through sustainable aquaculture, increasing processing efficiency, and diversifying export markets. The findings of this study are expected to serve as input for the government and industry stakeholders in formulating strategies to enhance the competitiveness of Indonesia’s processed crab products in the global market.