Pengaruh Vertical Sub-Surface Flow Constructed Wetland dalam Menurunkan Kadar Air Lindi

Abstract

Peningkatan volume sampah di Indonesia menyebabkan timbulnya air lindi yang berpotensi mencemari lingkungan akibat kandungan polutan organik dan anorganik. Teknologi constructed wetland (CW) menjadi alternatif pengolahan air lindi yang ramah lingkungan dan ekonomis. Penelitian bertujuan untuk merancang dan membuat prototipe serta menilai pengaruh sistem Vertical Sub-Surface Flow Constructed Wetland (VSSFCW) menggunakan tanaman Arachis pintoi dalam menurunkan kadar pencemar air lindi. Metode penelitian meliputi perancangan reaktor skala laboratorium dengan media berlapis tanah, zeolit, dan kerikil, serta pengamatan selama Hydraulic Retention Time 14 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem VSSFCW mampu menurunkan kadar Total Nitrogen sebesar 74,95%, Kadmium 97,02%, dan Merkuri 82,35%, namun belum efektif dalam menurunkan kadar TSS, COD, dan BOD. Penurunan polutan terjadi melalui proses adsorpsi, filtrasi, serta fitoremediasi oleh Arachis pintoi. Kesimpulannya, sistem VSSFCW berpotensi sebagai teknologi pengolahan air lindi yang ramah lingkungan dan sesuai dengan baku mutu air lindi nasional.

The increasing volume of waste in Indonesia has led to the generation of leachate that potentially contaminates the environment due to its organic and inorganic pollutant content. The constructed wetland (CW) technology is an environmentally friendly and economical alternative for leachate treatment. This study aimed to design, build, and evaluate the performance of a Vertikal SubSurface Flow Constructed Wetland (VSSFCW) system using Arachis pintoi in reducing leachate pollutant concentrations. The research method involved creating a laboratory-scale reactor with layered media of soil, zeolite, and gravel, followed by observation over a Hydraulic Retention Time of 14 days. The results showed that the VSSFCW system effectively reduced Total Nitrogen by 74.95%, Cadmium by 97.02%, and Mercury by 82.35%, although it was ineffective in lowering TSS, COD, and BOD levels. Pollutant removal occurred through adsorption, filtration, and phytoremediation processes facilitated by Arachis pintoi. In conclusion, the VSSFCW system demonstrates potential as an environmentally friendly leachate treatment technology that complies with national leachate quality standards.