Pemanfaatan Limbah Padat Hasil Penyulingan Serai Wangi Menjadi Pestisida Alami Dengan Penambahan Fermentasi Leri

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji pemanfaatan limbah padat serai wangi sebagai bahan baku pestisida alami dengan penambahan fermentasi air cucian beras (leri) sebagai pengganti EM4. Pembuatan pestisida dilakukan melalui fermentasi campuran limbah serai wangi, air cucian beras, dan gula merah selama 7 hari. Efektivitas pestisida diuji pada tanaman bayam hijau (Amaranthus hybridus L.) dengan empat dosis berbeda (100%, 90%, 80%, dan 70%) terhadap serangan hama, perkembangan tanaman, dan hasil panen. Hasil menunjukkan dosis 100% memberikan pengendalian hama terbaik tetapi berpotensi menimbulkan fitotoksisitas, sedangkan dosis 90% dan 80% efektif dengan risiko lebih rendah, dan dosis 70% kurang efektif. Hasil analisis ANOVA One-Way menunjukkan tidak ada pengaruh signifikan dosis terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman. Hasil analisis tren biologis tetap menunjukkan bahwa dosis lebih tinggi cenderung lebih efektif dalam menekan serangan hama. Biaya produksi pestisida ini sangat ekonomis, yaitu sekitar Rp11.192 per liter serta dapat membuka peluang usaha dan mendukung program Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) di sekitar lahan reklamasi PT Multi Harapan Utama. Penelitian ini menyajikan solusi ramah lingkungan serta sosial-ekonomi yang berkelanjutan.

This study examines the use of solid waste of citronella as a raw material for natural pesticides by adding fermented rice washing water (leri) as a substitute for EM4. The pesticide was made by fermenting a mixture of citronella waste, rice washing water, and brown sugar for 7 days. The effectiveness of the pesticide was tested on green spinach (Amaranthus hybridus L.) plants with four different doses (100%, 90%, 80%, and 70%) against pest attacks, plant development, and crop yields. The results showed that the 100% dose provided the best pest control but had the potential to cause phytotoxicity, while the 90% and 80% doses were effective with lower risks, and the 70% dose was less effective. The results of the One-Way ANOVA analysis showed no significant effect of the dose on plant growth and yield. The results of the biological trend analysis still showed that higher doses tended to be more effective in suppressing pest attacks. The production cost of this pesticide is very economical, which is around IDR 11,192 per liter and can open business opportunities and support Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs around the reclamation land of PT Multi Harapan Utama. This research presents environmentally friendly and socio-economically sustainable solutions.