Inhibisi Ekstrak Asam Gelugur dan Kunci Pepet terhadap Lipase Pankreas sebagai Antiobesitas secara In Vitro dan In Silico/Inhibition of Gelugur Acid and Kunci Pepet Extract to Pancreatic Lipase as Antiobesity In Vitro and In Silico

Abstract

Obesitas merupakan kondisi akibat akumulasi lemak berlebih yang berdampak serius pada kesehatan. Asam gelugur dan kunci pepet merupakan tanaman yang dapat digunakan sebagai agen antiobesitas dengan cara menghambat kerja enzim lipase pankreas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji daya inhibisi ekstrak asam gelugur dan kunci pepet terhadap enzim lipase pankreas secara in vitro dan mengevaluasi potensi senyawa aktifnya dalam menghambat lipase pankreas secara in silico. Dalam metode in vitro, bahan aktif dari asam gelugur dan kunci pepet diekstraksi dan selanjutnya diuji daya inhibisinya terhadap enzim lipase pankreas. Metode in silico dilakukan dengan menambatkan molekul sebanyak 141 ligan uji terhadap reseptor enzim lipase pankreas dengan kode protein 1LPB untuk memprediksi afinitas dan potensi inhibisinya. Hasil uji in vitro menunjukkan bahwa daya inhibisi ekstrak kunci pepet dengan etanol 50% adalah 68%, lebih tinggi dibandingkan ekstrak asam gelugur, yakni 45,85% pada konsentrasi 200 mg/L. Hasil uji in silico menunjukkan bahwa asam o-kumarat memperlihatkan potensi terbaik dalam menginhibisi enzim lipase pankreas dengan nilai ?G -6,902 kkal/mol dan Ki 8,61 µM.

Obesity is a condition characterized by excessive fat buildup that has major consequences for health. Gelugur acid and kunci pepet are herbs that can be used to treat obesity by blocking the action of pancreatic lipase enzymes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory activity on pancreatic lipase in in vitro experiments, as well as the potential of their active components to inhibit pancreatic lipase using in silico analysis. The in vitro procedure involved extracting active compounds from gelugur acid and kunci pepet and tested for pancreatic lipase inhibitor efficacy. The work in silico involved docking 141 test ligands to the pancreatic lipase receptor with the protein code 1LPB to predict their binding affinity and inhibitory potential. The in vitro results showed that the inhibitory power of a 50% ethanol extract of kunci pepet was 68%, which was higher than the gelugur acid extract's 45,85% at a dosage of 200 mg/L. In silico studies showed that o-coumaric acid had the highest inhibitory potential against pancreatic lipase, with a ?G -6,902 kcal/mol and a Ki of 8,61 µM.