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http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/171068Full metadata record
| DC Field | Value | Language |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | Anggraeni, Lukytawati | - |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Novianti, Tanti | - |
| dc.contributor.author | Farih, Nailul | - |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-09-12T06:22:11Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2025-09-12T06:22:11Z | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2025 | - |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/171068 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | Penelitian ini menyoroti fenomena resource curse, yaitu kondisi ketika kelimpahan sumber daya alam justru menjadi hambatan bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi, terutama di negara-negara dengan kualitas institusi yang lemah. Penelitian ini tidak hanya menguji pengaruh langsung masing-masing variabel, tetapi juga efek interaksi antara sumber daya alam dan kualitas institusi. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi empiris untuk memperjelas perbedaan dinamika hubungan tersebut di berbagai tingkat pendapatan, serta memberikan rekomendasi kebijakan berbasis bukti dalam mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan sumber daya alam untuk mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan data sekunder dalam bentuk panel yang mencakup 111 negara selama periode 1995-2020. Sampel negara diklasifikasikan ke dalam tiga kelompok pendapatan berdasarkan klasifikasi World Bank, yaitu High-Income Countries (HICs) sebanyak 42 negara, Middle-Income Countries (MICs) sebanyak 57 negara, dan Low-Income Countries (LICs) sebanyak 12 negara. Variabel dependen yang digunakan adalah pertumbuhan ekonomi yang diukur dengan PDB riil per kapita, sedangkan variabel independen utama di antaranya kelimpahan sumber daya alam yang diukur dengan natural resource rents (NRR) sebagai persentase terhadap PDB serta kualitas institusi yang diukur dengan nilai rata-rata enam indikator Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI). Variabel kontrol yang digunakan mencakup physical capital, human capital, trade openness, dan foreign direct investment (FDI). Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa pada panel global, NRR berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap PDB per kapita, bertentangan dengan hipotesis resource curse. Namun, ketika analisis dilakukan berdasarkan tingkat pendapatan, efeknya beragam: positif signifikan pada HICs dan MICs, namun negatif signifikan pada LICs, hasil ini konsisten dengan hipotesis resource curse. Kualitas institusi memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan baik pada panel global maupun setiap kelompok pendapatan, menegaskan peran fundamentalnya dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi. Interaksi NRR dengan kualitas institusi menunjukkan pengaruh positif signifikan pada panel global dan HICs, tetapi tidak signifikan di MICs dan LICs, mengindikasikan bahwa hanya negara dengan institusi kuat yang mampu memoderasi kelimpahan sumber daya menjadi pertumbuhan. Variabel kontrol seperti physical capital sangat konsisten menunjukkan dampak positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi, sementara human capital, trade openness, dan foreign direct investment dampaknya bervariasi antar kelompok pendapatan. | - |
| dc.description.abstract | This study investigates the phenomenon of the resource curse, a paradoxical situation where natural resource abundance impedes economic growth, particularly in countries with weak institutional quality. Moving beyond the examination of direct effects, this research specifically analyzes the interaction effect between natural resources and institutional quality. Consequently, it aims to provide empirical contributions by clarifying the divergent dynamics of this relationship across different income levels and to offer evidence-based policy recommendations for optimizing natural resource utilization to foster sustainable economic growth. The analysis employs secondary data in a panel format, encompassing 111 countries over the period 1995–2020. The country sample is classified into three income groups based on the World Bank classification: 42 High-Income Countries (HICs), 57 Middle-Income Countries (MICs), and 12 Low-Income Countries (LICs). The dependent variable is economic growth, measured by real GDP per capita. The key independent variables include natural resource abundance, measured by natural resource rents (NRR) as a percentage of GDP, and institutional quality, proxied by the average value of the six Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI). The control variables comprise physical capital, human capital, trade openness, and foreign direct investment (FDI). The estimation results reveal that in the global panel, NRR exerts a positive and significant effect on GDP per capita, which contrasts with the resource curse hypothesis. However, a disaggregated analysis by income level shows heterogeneous effects: a positive and significant effect in HICs and MICs, but a negative and significant effect in LICs. The latter finding is consistent with the resource curse hypothesis. Institutional quality demonstrates a positive and significant influence in both the global panel and each income group, underscoring its fundamental role in economic growth. The interaction term between NRR and institutional quality is positive and significant for the global panel and HICs, but insignificant for MICs and LICs. This indicates that only countries with robust institutions are capable of channeling resource abundance into growth. Among the control variables, physical capital consistently exhibits a positive and significant impact on economic growth across all models, while the effects of human capital, trade openness, and FDI vary across the different income groups. | - |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Beasiswa Unggulan kategori Masyarakat Berprestasi Tahun 2024 dari Pusat Layanan Pembiayaan Pendidikan, Kementerian Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah (Puslapdik, Kemendikdasmen). | - |
| dc.language.iso | id | - |
| dc.publisher | IPB University | id |
| dc.title | Sumber Daya Alam, Kualitas Institusi, dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi: Analisis Resource Curse berdasarkan Tingkat Pendapatan Negara | id |
| dc.title.alternative | Natural Resources, Institutional Quality, and Economic Growth: A Resource Curse Analysis in Countries with Different Income Groups | - |
| dc.type | Tesis | - |
| dc.subject.keyword | economic growth | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | institutional quality | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | natural resource rents | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | panel regression | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | resource curse hypothesis | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | pertumbuhan ekonomi | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | regresi panel data | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | hipotesis resource curse | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | kualitas institusi | id |
| Appears in Collections: | MT - Economic and Management | |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cover_H1501231026_3185898668f64f259b011b9632856d99.pdf | Cover | 3.22 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| fulltext_H1501231026_b4d69dee578c481aa96f0341d285bbe9.pdf Restricted Access | Fulltext | 5.11 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| lampiran_H1501231026_aa62b4412fe94a0e974cae01da7c56ab.pdf Restricted Access | Lampiran | 2.97 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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