Analisis Mikroklimat Berbasis NB-IoT terhadap Kualitas Susu Sapi Perah di Kansas Ranch Kabupaten Bogor

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh mikroklimat kandang berbasis teknologi narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT) terhadap kualitas susu sapi perah di Kansas Ranch, Kabupaten Bogor. Sebanyak 18 ekor sapi friesian holstein diamati selama 14 hari dengan parameter suhu, kelembapan, kecepatan angin, dan temperature humidity index (THI) yang direkam secara real time menggunakan perangkat D-Ruminansia. Kualitas susu diuji dengan lactoscan meliputi bahan kering (BK), lemak, bahan kering tanpa lemak (BKTL), protein, dan laktosa. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan rataan, simpangan baku, dan koefisien keragaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan suhu dan kelembapan rata-rata kandang 26 °C dan 74,31% dengan THI 75–76 yang mengindikasikan cekaman panas ringan hingga sedang. Rataan kualitas susu adalah BK 12,63%, lemak 4,76%, BKTL 7,87%, protein 3,71%, dan laktosa 3,91%. Penurunan lemak, protein, dan BKTL terjadi pada hari dengan THI tinggi. Hasil ini menegaskan bahwa fluktuasi mikroklimat memengaruhi kualitas susu, dan teknologi NB-IoT efektif sebagai sistem pemantauan real time untuk mendukung mitigasi stres panas pada sapi perah.

This study aimed to analyze the effect of barn microclimate based on narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT) technology on dairy cow milk quality at Kansas Ranch, Bogor Regency. A total of 18 Friesian Holstein cows were observed for 14 days with parameters including temperature, humidity, wind speed, and Temperature Humidity Index (THI) recorded in real time using the D-Ruminansia device. Milk quality was measured with a lactoscan, covering total solids (TS), fat, solid non-fat (SNF), protein, and lactose. Data were analyzed descriptively using mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. The results showed that the average barn temperature and humidity were 26 °C and 74.31% with THI values of 75–76, indicating mild to moderate heat stress. Average milk quality values were TS 12.63%, fat 4.76%, SNF 7.87%, protein 3.71%, and lactose 3.91%. Reductions in fat, protein, and SNF occurred on days with higher THI. These findings confirm that microclimate fluctuations affect milk quality, and NB-IoT technology is effective as a real-time monitoring system to support heat stress mitigation in dairy cattle.