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http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/170666Full metadata record
| DC Field | Value | Language |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | Sudarsono | - |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Natawijaya, Azis | - |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Rahayu, Megayani Sri | - |
| dc.contributor.author | Lestari, Indri Gita | - |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-08-27T13:35:58Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2025-08-27T13:35:58Z | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2025 | - |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/170666 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis) merupakan tanaman tahunan (perennial) yang tumbuh di daerah tropis di bawah intensitas cahaya yang tinggi dan dapat menghasilkan sepuluh kali lipat minyak dibanding minyak lainnya dalam skala per hektar maupun per tahun. Elaeis guineensis (kelapa sawit afrika) secara luas telah dibudidayakan di berbagai wilayah dunia dan kelapa sawit ini berasal dari wilayah Afrika. Genom kloroplas memiliki keunikan tersendiri yang menjadikannya target ideal untuk pengembangan marka genetik. Genom ini bersifat relatif kecil yang berkisar antara 120.000 hingga 160.000 bp, berstruktur stabil, serta diwariskan secara uniparental (biasanya maternal), yang memungkinkan analisis yang lebih sederhana dan konsisten dibandingkan genom inti. Selain itu, kloroplas memiliki peran penting dalam fotosintesis dan metabolisme energi tanaman, sehingga informasi genetiknya sangat relevan untuk memahami adaptasi dan performa tanaman. Variasi genom kloroplas pada beberapa tanaman lainnya telah dimanfaatkan untuk analisis filogenetik, identifikasi varietas, serta pelacakan keturunan (maternal lineage). Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua percobaan yaitu komparasi genom kloroplas Elaeis guineensis dan desain serta uji validasi marka SNAP. Percobaan pertama terdiri dari anotasi genom kloroplas, analisis komparatif genom kloroplas, analisis filogenetik, dan analisis haplotipe. Percobaan kedua terdiri dari kuantitas dan distribusi single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). Desain marka SNAP dilakukan dengan website WASP (Web-based Allele Specific Primer) (https://bioinfo.biotec.or.th/WASP) dengan menggunakan parameter default dan uji validasi primer dilakukan dengan Geneious Prime 2025.0.3 versi 21 dan analisis DARwin (Dissimilarity Analysis and Representation for windows). Komparasi genom kloroplas pada 30 aksesi Elaeis guineensis menunjukkan hasil rentang panjang genom yaitu 156.973 bp (D20183623) hingga 156.987 bp (AP947). Berdasarkan pohon filogenetik menunjukkan bahwa Elaeis guineensis berkerabat sangat dekat dengan Cocos nucifera yang berada pada satu sub kluster dengan nilai bootstrap 100, dibandingkan dengan Phoenix dactylifera dan Arenga pinnata. Wilayah coding ditemukan sebanyak 22 SNP dan wilayah non-coding ditemukan sebanyak 38 SNP. 6 desain primer yang telah ditemukan telah terbukti dapat digunakan dalam meningkatkan akurasi dan efisiensi pengembangan penanda marka molekular SNAP. Uji validasi menghasilkan pohon filogenetik dengan menunjukkan aksesi asal Afrika dan Amerika Tengah membentuk sub-klaster yang jelas terpisah, sehingga secara genetik mereka berbeda secara signifikan dari mayoritas aksesi asal Indonesia. | - |
| dc.description.abstract | Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is a perennial plant that grows in tropical regions under high light intensity and can produce ten times more oil than other oils. Elaeis guineensis (African oil palm) has been widely cultivated in various regions of the world and this oil palm originates from Africa. The chloroplast genome has unique characteristics that make it an ideal target for genetic marker development. This genome is relatively small, ranging from 120,000 to 160,000 base pairs (bp), has a stable structure, and is inherited uniparentally (typically maternally), enabling simpler and more consistent analysis compared to the nuclear genome. Additionally, chloroplasts play a crucial role in photosynthesis and plant energy metabolism, making their genetic information highly relevant for understanding plant adaptation and performance. Variations in chloroplast genomes of other plants have been utilized for phylogenetic analysis, variety identification, and maternal lineage tracking. This study consists of two experiments, a comparison of the chloroplast genomes of Elaeis guineensis and the design and validation of SNAP markers. The first experiment includes chloroplast genome annotation, comparative chloroplast genome analysis, phylogenetic analysis, and haplotype analysis. The second experiment involves the quantification and distribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). The design of SNAP markers was performed using the WASP (Web-based Allele Specific Primer) website (https://bioinfo.biotec.or.th/WASP) with default parameters, and primer validation was conducted using Geneious Prime 2025.0.3 version 21 and DARwin analysis (Dissimilarity Analysis and Representation for Windows). Comparison of chloroplast genomes in 30 accessions of Elaeis guineensis showed a genome length range of 156,973 bp (D20183623) to 156,987 bp (AP947). Based on the phylogenetic tree, Elaeis guineensis is closely related to Cocos nucifera, which is in the same subcluster with a bootstrap value of 100, compared to Phoenix dactylifera and Arenga pinnata. A total of 22 SNP were found in the coding region and 38 SNP in the non-coding region. The six primer designs identified have been proven to be effective in enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of SNAP molecular marker development. Validation testing produced a phylogenetic tree showing that accessions from Africa and Central America form a clearly distinct subcluster, indicating that they are genetically significantly different from the majority of accessions from Indonesia. | - |
| dc.description.sponsorship | PT Bumitama Gunajaya Agro | - |
| dc.language.iso | id | - |
| dc.publisher | IPB University | id |
| dc.title | Analisis Komparasi dan Variasi SNP pada Genom Kloroplas Elaeis guineensis untuk Pengembangan Marka SNAP | id |
| dc.title.alternative | Comparative and SNP Variation Analysis of Elaeis guineensis Chloroplast Genome for SNAP Marker Development | - |
| dc.type | Tesis | - |
| dc.subject.keyword | filogenetik | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | genom kloroplas | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | kelapa sawit | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | SNP | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | SNAP | id |
| Appears in Collections: | MT - Agriculture | |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cover_A2503221003_3d1863a0a44d483b9ca3eb7234022a8b.pdf | Cover | 566.14 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| fulltext_A2503221003_331e916f6b4b4f26a78a7e5e943b3b49.pdf Restricted Access | Fulltext | 1.72 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| lampiran_A2503221003_814c321e074d4f019869660fa5ebc331.pdf Restricted Access | Lampiran | 1.54 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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