Pengelolaan Kesejahteraan dan Nilai Ekonomi Rusa Timor (Rusa timorensis) di Gembira Loka Zoo

Abstract

Rusa timor (Rusa timorensis) merupakan satwa yang dilindungi di Indonesia dan termasuk kategori Vulnerable (IUCN 2015) dengan populasi yang terus menurun, sehingga diperlukan peran lembaga konservasi eksitu seperti Gembira Loka Zoo Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi pengelolaan, menilai tingkat kesejahteraan, dan membandingkan nilai ekonomi rusa timor berdasarkan biaya pemeliharaan, harga pasar, dan willingness to pay (WTP) di GL Zoo. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode observasi lapang, wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan rusa timor telah terlaksana cukup baik. Tingkat kesejahteraan rusa timor sudah termasuk kategori sangat baik dengan nilai terbobot 88,81 dan baik 79,83. Nilai ekonomi rusa timor di GL Zoo berdasarkan pendekatan biaya pemeliharaan sebesar Rp4.618.363/ekor, willingness to pay sebesar Rp5.265.000/ekor, dan harga pasar sebesar Rp18.935.713/ekor. Pendekatan harga pasar merupakan yang paling efektif dalam pengambilan dan analisis data serta efisiensi biaya karena relatif murah bila dibandingkan dengan pendekatan willingness to pay dan biaya pemeliharaan.

Timor deer (Rusa timorensis) is a protected animal in Indonesia and is included in the Vulnerable category (IUCN 2015) with a population that continues to decline, so the role of ex situ conservation institutions such as Gembira Loka Zoo Yogyakarta is needed. This study aims to identify management, assess welfare levels, and compare the economic value of Timor deer based on maintenance costs, market prices, and visitor willingness to pay (WTP) at GL Zoo. This study was conducted using field observation, interviews, and literature studies. The results show that Timor deer management has been implemented quite well. The welfare level of Timor deer is categorized as very good with a weighted score of 88.81 and good with a weighted score of 79.83. The economic value of Timor deer at GL Zoo based on the maintenance cost approach is Rp4,618,363/head, willingness to pay is Rp5,265,000/head, and market price is Rp18,935,713/head. The market price approach is the most effective in data collection and analysis as well as cost efficiency because it is relatively cheap when compared with the willingness to pay approach and maintenance costs.