Kejadian Anemia di Asrama Putri IPB Kaitannya dengan Asupan Zat Gizi, Lama Menstruasi, dan Kualitas Tidur

Abstract

Anemia merupakan permasalahan gizi yang banyak terjadi pada remaja putri karena meningkatnya kebutuhan zat gizi, kehilangan darah saat menstruasi, dan ingin tampil langsing. Mahasiswi termasuk ke dalam masa remaja akhir yang rentan mengalami anemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kejadian anemia di asrama Putri IPB kaitannya dengan asupan zat gizi, lama menstruasi, dan kualitas tidur. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain cross–sectional study yang berlokasi di asrama putri IPB. Pengambilan subjek dilakukan secara purposive dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 84 subjek. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner, food recall 2 x 24 jam, dan pengukuran kadar Hb. analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji fisher exact dan likelihood ratio. Sebanyak 3 (3,6%) mahasiswi dari total 84 mengalami anemia. Rata–rata hemoglobin Subjek adalah 14,0 ± 1,3 mg/ dL. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan zat gizi protein (p=1,00), vitamin C (p=1,00), dan zat besi (p=0,320) dengan kejadian anemia. Selain itu, tidak ditemukan juga hubungan yang signifikan antara lama menstruasi (p=1,00) dan kualitas tidur (p=0,431) dengan kejadian anemia.

Anemia is a nutritional problem that commonly affects adolescent girls due to increased nutrient requirements, blood loss during menstruation, and a desire to maintain a slim appearance. Female university students categorize into the late adolescence category, which makes them vulnerable to anemia. This study aimed to analyze the incidence of anemia among female students residing in the IPB dormitory in relation to nutrient intake, menstrual duration, and sleep quality. This research employed a cross–sectional design and was conducted at the IPB female dormitory. Subjects were selected using a purposive sampling technique, with a total of 84 participants. Data were collected through questionnaires, 2 x 24 hour food recall, and hemoglobin level measurement. Data analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test and the likelihood ratio method. A total of 3 students (3.6%) out of 84 were found to be anemic. The average hemoglobin level was 14.0 ± 1.3 mg/dL. No significant association was found between anemia and the intake of protein (p=1.00), vitamin C (p=1.00), or iron (p=0.320). In addition, no significant relationship was observed between anemia and menstrual duration (p=1.00) or sleep quality (p=0.431).