Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Budidaya Jamur Tiram PT Firma Agros Terra

Abstract

Jamur tiram memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi dengan prospek bisnis potensial. PT Firma Agros Terra berencana memanfaatkan peluang tersebut dengan membangun usaha budidaya jamur tiram di Kabupaten Sukabumi. Penelitian menilai kelayakan usaha dari aspek non-finansial dan finansial dengan dua skenario: (I) membeli baglog dari pihak ketiga dan (II) memproduksi baglog sendiri. Aspek non-finansial dianalisis secara deskriptif meliputi pasar, teknis, manajemen-hukum, sosial-ekonomi-budaya, dan lingkungan. Aspek finansial dinilai menggunakan NPV, IRR, Net B/C, dan PP. Hasil menunjukkan kedua skenario layak dijalankan. Skenario I: NPV Rp2,27 miliar, IRR 79%, Net B/C 3,81, PP 2 tahun 3 bulan. Skenario II: NPV Rp1,97 miliar, IRR 70%, Net B/C 3,49, PP 2 tahun 5 bulan. Switching value biaya input 94,07% (skenario I) dan 49,59% (skenario II), sedangkan volume penjualan 27,71% dan 24,08%. Usaha direkomendasikan dengan skenario produksi baglog mandiri untuk jangka panjang.

Oyster mushrooms possess significant economic value with substantial business prospects for meeting domestic and international market demands. PT Firma Agros Terra plans to capitalize on this opportunity by establishing an oyster mushroom cultivation business in Sukabumi Regency. This study aims to assess the feasibility of the business plan from both non-financial and financial perspectives using two production scenarios: (I) purchasing mushroom growing media (baglog) from third parties, and (II) producing baglog independently. Non-financial aspects were analyzed descriptively, encompassing market, technical, management-legal, socio-economic-cultural, and environmental considerations. Financial aspects were evaluated using Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Net Benefit-Cost Ratio (Net B/C), and Payback Period (PP). The results indicate that both scenarios are viable. Scenario I yielded NPV of IDR 2.27 billion, IRR of 79%, Net B/C of 3.81, and PP of 2 years 3 months, while Scenario II generated NPV of IDR 1.97 billion, IRR of 70%, Net B/C of 3.49, and PP of 2 years 5 months. The switching values for input cost changes were 94.07% for Scenario I and 47.19% for Scenario II, whereas sales volume variations reached 27.71% and 24.08% respectively. Therefore, the oyster mushroom cultivation business is recommended to be implemented with independent baglog production for long-term sustainability.