Performa Maggot Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) yang Diberi Pakan Protein Moderat dengan Kadar Air Berbeda

Abstract

Maggot Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) merupakan komoditas potensial di bidang peternakan dan pengolahan limbah. Pertumbuhannya dipengaruhi oleh nutrisi dan kadar air media tumbuh (substrat). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kadar air media tumbuh yang berupa pakan berbasis protein moderat untuk menghasilkan performa maggot BSF terbaik. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan kadar air menggunakan pakan protein moderat (17,33%) dan 6 ulangan, yaitu setiap ulangan berupa 1 magobox yang berisi 5 gram maggot umur 6 hari. Maggot BSF umur 6 hari dipelihara selama 15 hari dengan perlakuan yang terdiri dari P1 (100 gram pakan + 100 gram air, KA 53,87%), P2 (100 gram pakan + 150 gram air, KA 65,23%%), P3 (100 gram + 200 gram air, KA 67,93%), P4 (100 gram + 250 gram air, KA 74,35%). Parameter yang diamati meliputi konsumsi bahan kering, bobot individu, laju pertumbuhan, FCR, reduksi substrat, prepupa, dan biokonversi. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan uji lanjut Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar air substrat berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap performa maggot (P<0,01). Perlakuan terbaik adalah P4 (100 gram pakan + 250 gram air, KA 74,35%) karena dapat meningkatkan bobot individu, laju pertumbuhan, reduksi substrat, jumlah prepupa, dan nilai biokonversi, serta menurunkan nilai FCR. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penambahan air sebanyak 2,5 kali dari substrat pakan berprotein moderat (Air 74,35% dan protein kasar 17,33%) sebagai media tumbuh, mampu menghasilkan maggot BSF dengan performa terbaik.

Black Soldier Fly maggots (Hermetia illucens) are a potential commodity in the fields of animal husbandry and waste management. Their growth is influenced by the nutrients and moisture content of the growth medium (substrate). This study aims to analyze the moisture content of the growth medium, which is a moderate protein-based feed, to achieve the best performance of BSF maggots. The experimental design uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 moisture content treatments using moderate protein feed (17.33%) and 6 replicates, where each replicate consists of 1 magobox containing 5 grams of 6-day-old maggots. Sixday-old BSF maggots were reared for 15 days under the following treatments: P1 (100 grams of feed + 100 grams of water, moisture content 53.87%), P2 (100 grams of feed + 150 grams of water, moisture content 65.23%), P3 (100 grams + 200 grams of water, moisture content 67.93%), and P4 (100 grams + 250 grams of water, moisture content 74.35%). The parameters observed included dry matter intake, individual weight, growth rate, FCR, substrate reduction, prepupae, and bioconversion. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test. The results showed that substrate moisture content had a highly significant effect on maggot performance (P<0.01). The best treatment was P4 (100 grams of feed + 250 grams of water, moisture content 74.35%) as it increased individual weight, growth rate, substrate reduction, number of prepupae, and bioconversion value, while reducing the FCR value. The conclusion of this study is that adding water at 2.5 times the amount of the moderate-protein feed substrate (74.35% moisture and 17.33% crude protein) as a growth medium can produce BSF maggots with the best performance.