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http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/170301| Title: | ANALISIS PERFORMA TESTCROSS LELE SANGKURIANG (Clarias gariepinus) DENGAN LELE ALBINO |
| Other Titles: | |
| Authors: | Soelistyowati, Dinar Tri Carman, Odang Nurahmah, Rahmadita Zeira |
| Issue Date: | 2025 |
| Publisher: | IPB University |
| Abstract: | Lele Sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus) merupakan jenis ikan lele yang
umum dibudidayakan. Albinisme masih muncul akibat induk membawa gen resesif
albino (Aa). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi apakah induk normal
bergenotip homozigot dominan (AA) atau heterozigot (Aa) dengan melakukan
tetstcross atau uji silang dengan lele albino bergenotip homozigot resesif (aa) dan
mengevaluasi performa keturunan yang dihasilkan. Skema testcross terdiri dari
persilangan resiprokal antara lele normal dengan albino (NA, AN)) masing-masing
dua ulangan pasangan satu kali pemijahan dan persilangan antara lele normal (NN).
Bobot rata-rata induk lele normal 1,35±0,13 kg (jantan) dan 1,85±0,12 kg (betina),
sedangkan lele albino 1,45±0,07 kg (jantan) dan 1,80±0,14 kg (betina). Keturunan
hasil setiap persilangan dipelihara secara terpisah selama 56 hari dalam wadah
berukuran 25 liter dengan kepadatan 1 ekor/liter. Pakan yang diberikan berupa
cacing sutra dan pakan buatan sesuai dengan umur. Parameter testcross yang
diamati meliputi performa pemijahan, nisbah fenotip, laju pertumbuhan spesifik,
heterosis dan keragaman genetik berdasarkan analisis RAPD (Random Amplified
Polymorphic DNA). Hasil persilangan antara lele normal maupun uji silang
resiprokal antara lele normal dengan albino menghasilkan keturunan normal
semuanya yang mengindikasikan bahwa semua induk lele normal yang dipijahkan
bergenotipe homozigot dominan (AA). Performa reproduksi pada uji silang tidak
berbeda nyata dengan persilangan pada lele normal, namun jumlah telur yang
dihasilkan pada uji silang lebih rendah (p<0,05). Hasil uji silang antara induk betina
normal dengan jantan albino (AN) menghasilkan keturunan dengan laju
pertumbuhan bobot spesifik lebih tinggi dari pada resiprokalnya (NA) dan tidak
berbeda nyata dengan keturunan persilangan lele normal. Nilai heterosis positif
diperoleh pada laju pertumbuhan spesifik hibrida AN (2,31%) dan hasil analisis
RAPD menunjukkan heterozigositas tertinggi sebesar 0,162% dengan tingkat
polimorfisme 39,22%. Persilangan antara lele betina normal dengan jantan albino
potensial dalam program pemuliaan ikan lele untuk memperoleh manfaat
pertumbuhan dan keragaman genetik yang lebih unggul pada keturunannya. Sangkuriang catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is a type of catfish commonly cultivated. Albinism still occurs due to the parent carrying the recessive albino gene (Aa). This study aims to identify whether the normal parent has a dominant homozygous genotype (AA) or heterozygous (Aa) by conducting a test cross or cross test with albino catfish with a recessive homozygous genotype (aa) and evaluating the performance of the resulting offspring. The test cross scheme consists of a reciprocal cross between normal and albino catfish (NA, AN)), each with two replicates of pairs, one spawning time, and a cross between normal catfish (NN). The average weight of normal catfish parents is 1.35±0.13 kg (male) and 1.85±0.12 kg (female), while albino catfish are 1.45±0.07 kg (male) and 1.80±0.14 kg (female). The offspring of each cross were reared separately for 56 days in a 25- liter container with a density of 1 fish/liter. The feed provided was silkworms and artificial feed according to age. The testcross parameters observed included spawning performance, phenotype ratio, specific growth rate, heterosis, and genetic diversity based on RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) analysis. The results of crosses between normal catfish and reciprocal crosses between normal and albino catfish produced all normal offspring, indicating that all normal catfish broodstock spawned were homozygous dominant (AA) genotypes. Reproductive performance in the cross test was not significantly different from crosses between normal catfish, but the number of eggs produced in the cross test was lower (p<0.05). The results of the cross test between normal female broodstock and albino male (AN) produced offspring with a higher specific weight growth rate than its reciprocal (NA) and was not significantly different from the offspring of normal catfish crosses. Positive heterosis values were obtained at the specific growth rate of AN hybrids (2.31%), and RAPD analysis results showed the highest heterozygosity of 0.162% with a polymorphism level of 39.22%. Crossbreeding between normal female catfish and albino males is potential in catfish breeding programs to obtain superior growth and genetic diversity in their offspring. |
| URI: | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/170301 |
| Appears in Collections: | UT - Aquaculture |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| cover_C1401211031_a56a240be1f845d3a7c0d1bca73e5c93.pdf | Cover | 677.84 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| fulltext_C1401211031_7efb5bb94faa4fb2bacbe9d70e027ff8.pdf Restricted Access | Fulltext | 946.73 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| lampiran_C1401211031_0774bfb3ed994ebe8b7bfc7b417009e3.pdf Restricted Access | Lampiran | 365.82 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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