PEMANFAATAN HORIZONTAL SUBSURFACE FLOW UNTUK PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH PETERNAKAN SAPI MENGGUNAKAN KACANG PINTOI (Arachis pitoi)

Abstract

Sektor peternakan sapi berkontribusi terhadap degradasi kualitas air akibat intensifikasi produksi, inefisiensi sistem, dan lemahnya pengelolaan air limbah. Air limbah dari kegiatan peternakan sapi mengandung senyawa pencemar seperti Amonia, bahan organik, dan partikel tersuspensi yang dapat mencemari lingkungan, sehingga dibutuhkan pengolahan yang tepat. Salah satu metode pengolahan air limbah adalah sistem constructed wetland dengan tipe aliran horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF). Tujuan dilakukan penelitian untuk merancang sistem constructed wetland tipe HSSF dengan menggunakan tanaman Arachis pintoi dan mengukur persentase penyisihan parameter utama, yaitu TSS, BOD, COD, dan Amonia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dalam waktu tinggal 72 jam sistem mampu menyisihkan 63,15% TSS, 68,84% BOD, 71,94% COD, dan 98,90% Amonia, sehingga dapat disimpulkan sistem constructed wetland tipe aliran horizontal subsurface flow telah terbukti efektif dalam menurunkan kadar TSS, BOD, COD, dan Amonia pada air limbah peternakan sapi selama waktu tinggal 72 jam.

The cattle farming sector contributes to water quality degradation due to production intensification, system inefficiency, and weak wastewater management. Wastewater from cattle farming activities contains pollutants such as Ammonia, organic matter, and suspended particles that can contaminate the environment, thus requiring proper treatment. One of the wastewater treatment methods is the constructed wetland system with a horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF) type. The objective of this study was to design an HSSF constructed wetland system using Arachis pintoi and to measure the removal percentage of the main parameters, namely TSS, BOD, COD, and Ammonia. The results showed that within a retention time of 72 hours, the system was able to reduce 63.15% of TSS, 68.84% of BOD, 71.94% of COD, and 98.90% of Ammonia. It can be concluded that the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland system has been proven effective in reducing TSS, BOD, COD, and Ammonia concentrations in cattle farming wastewater within 72 hours of retention time.