Keragaan Morfologi dan Agronomi Enam Genotipe Wortel (Daucus carota L.) di Cianjur, Jawa Barat

Abstract

MAULIDA KHOERUNNISA. Keragaan Morfologi dan Agronomi Enam Genotipe Wortel (Daucus carota L.) di Cianjur, Jawa Barat. Dibimbing oleh ANGGI NINDITA dan BAMBANG SAPTA PURWOKO. Wortel (Daucus carota L.) merupakan jenis tanaman umbi akar dan salah satu tanaman dwimusim. Produksi wortel tahun 2024 mencapai 681,66 ribu ton tetapi Indonesia masih melakukan impor wortel karena wortel impor memiliki kualitas yang lebih baik. Perakitan varietas dan penggunaan varietas unggul sejalan dengan perbaikan budidaya wortel agar dapat adaptif tumbuh di dataran rendah serta dapat meningkatkan produksi wortel. Penelitian bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan mengevaluasi keragaan morfologi, produksi, dan potensi komponen produksi akar dari enam genotipe wortel (Daucus carota L.) di Cianjur, Jawa Barat, dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) dengan enam genotipe meliputi New Kuroda Takii’s, Kuroda East West Select, Ciputri, Gundaling, Purple Dragon, dan Solar Yellow. Daya berkecambah dari semua genotipe termasuk rendah, akibat rendahnya curah hujan pada saat penanaman. Analisis karakter kuantitatif menunjukkan pengaruh nyata genotipe terhadap panjang dan jumlah daun, bobot, panjang dan diameter akar, yang mengindikasikan adanya keragaman genetik. Produktivitas tertinggi sebesar 19,67 ton ha-1 serta bobot akar tertinggi sebesar 300,50 g dicapai oleh genotipe Purple Dragon. Panjang akar tertinggi yaitu 21,46 cm dicapai oleh genotipe Ciputri. Terdapat korelasi positif antara bobot daun dan panjang akar terhadap produktivitas, yang menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kedua karakter ini dapat meningkatkan hasil panen. Kata kunci : Wortel, dwimusim, umbi akar, morfologi

MAULIDA KHOERUNNISA. Morphological and Agronomic Performance of Six Carrot Genotypes (Daucus carota L.) in Cianjur, West Java. Supervised by ANGGI NINDITA and BAMBANG SAPTA PURWOKO Carrot (Daucus carota L.) is a root tuber crop an a biennial plant. Carrot production in 2024 reached 681,66 thousand tons, however Indonesia continues to import carrots because imported carrots generally exhibit superior quality. The development of new varieties and utilization of superior cultivars, aligned with improved cultivation practices, are crucial to enable adaptation to lowland environments and to increase carrot production. This study aimed to identify and evaluate the morphological performance, yield, and potential root production components of six carrot genotypes (Daucus carota L.) in Cianjur, West Java, designed using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with six genotypes including New Kuroda Takii's, Kuroda East West Select, Ciputri, Gundaling, Purple Dragon, and Solar Yellow. Germination rates of all genotypes were low, attributed to low rainfall during the planting period. Quantitative trait analysis showed a significant effect of genotype on leaf length and number, as well as root weight, length, and diameter, indicating genetic variability among the tested genotypes. The highest productivity of 19.67 tons per hectare and the highest root weight of 300.50 g were achieved by the genotype Purple Dragon. The longest root length of 21.46 cm was obtained from the genotype Ciputri. Positive correlations were found between leaf weight and root length with overall productivity, suggesting that improvements in these two characters could enhance carrot yield Keyword : Carrot, biennial, root tuber, morphology