Pengaruh Kerapatan Vegetasi dan Sifat Fisik Tanah terhadap Laju Infiltrasi pada Lahan Reklamasi Pascatambang Bauksit

Abstract

Reklamasi merupakan upaya memperbaiki kondisi lahan pascatambang melalui kegiatan revegetasi. Ketersediaan air tanah menjadi faktor penting yang memengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman setelah penanaman, sehingga laju infiltrasi berperan dalam menjaga ketersediaan air tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh kerapatan vegetasi dan sifat fisik tanah terhadap laju infiltrasi air tanah pada lahan reklamasi pascatambang bauksit. Penelitian diawali pembuatan petak berdasarkan kerapatan vegetasi, dilanjutkan pengumpulan data vegetasi, pengambilan sampel tanah untuk analisis sifat fisik tanah, serta pengukuran laju infiltrasi pada setiap petak. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji korelasi menggunakan rumus Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerapatan vegetasi berpengaruh terhadap sifat fisik tanah dan laju infiltrasi. Vegetasi di Blok 8 PT. Cita Mineral Investindo memengaruhi sifat fisik tanah karena berperan dalam penyediaan bahan organik dan membantu memperbaiki kondisi tanah akibat aktivitas penambangan. Laju infiltrasi menunjukkan korelasi positif tertinggi dengan kadar air tanah, yang berarti keduanya memiliki hubungan searah, serta korelasi negatif dengan bobot isi tanah, yang menunjukkan hubungan berbanding terbalik.

Reclamation is an effort to improve post-mining land conditions through revegetation activities. The availability of groundwater is an important factor that affects plant growth after planting, so that the infiltration rate plays a role in maintaining the availability of groundwater. This study aims to determine the effect of vegetation density and soil physical properties on the rate of groundwater infiltration on reclaimed land after bauxite mining. The study began with the creation of plots based on vegetation density, followed by collecting vegetation data, taking soil samples for analysis of soil physical properties, and measuring the infiltration rate in each plot. Furthermore, a correlation test was carried out using the Pearson formula. The results of the study showed that vegetation density affected the physical properties of the soil and the infiltration rate. Vegetation in Block 8 PT. Cita Mineral Investindo affects the physical properties of the soil because it plays a role in providing organic matter and helps improve soil conditions due to mining activities. The infiltration rate showed the highest positive correlation with soil water content, which means that both have a unidirectional relationship, and a negative correlation with soil bulk density, which shows an inverse relationship.