Mutu Fisik Bibit Gmelina (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) di Persemaian Rumpin, Rumpin, Jawa Barat

Abstract

Mutu fisik bibit menjadi salah satu faktor yang menentukan dalam keberhasilan pertumbuhan bibit di lapangan. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis proses produksi bibit gmelina dan mengevaluasi mutu fisik bibit gmelina berdasakan SNI 8420:2018 di Pusat Persemaian Rumpin, Jawa Barat. Pengumpulan data proses produksi gmelina dilakukan dengan observasi dan wawancara. Evaluasi meliputi persyaratan umum (asal-usul benih dan kriteria bibit normal) dan persyaratan khusus (tinggi, diameter, jumlah daun dan kekompakan media). Proses produksi bibit gmelina dimulai dari penyiapan media tanam, penaburan benih, penyapihan dan pemeliharaan (penyiraman, pemupukan, penjarangan dan pengendalian hama-penyakit) telah dilakukan dengan baik. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan benih gmelina yang digunakan untuk memproduksi bibit gmelina mempunyai asal-usul yang jelas. Bibit gmelina telah memenuhi kriteria bibit normal yaitu mempunyai batang lurus dan tunggal, kondisi sehat, serta batang berkayu >50%. Nilai kriteria bibit normal adalah 96%, nilai ini termasuk dalam nilai standar SNI 8420:2018 yaitu >95%. Nilai rata-rata persyaratan khusus adalah 99%, nilai ini termasuk dalam nilai standar SNI 8420:2018 yaitu >90%. Secara umum, bibit gmelina yang diproduksi oleh Persemaian Rumpin sudah mempunyai mutu fisik sesuai SNI 8420:2018, dan dinyatakan lulus uji.

The physical quality of seedlings is one of the determining factors in the successful growth of seedlings in the field. The study aims to analyze the production process of gmelina seedlings and evaluate the physical quality of gmelina seedlings based on SNI 8420:2018 at the Rumpin Nursery Center, West Java. Data collection on the gmelina production process was carried out through observation and interviews. The evaluation included general requirements (seed origin and normal seedling criteria) and specific requirements (height, diameter, number of leaves, and media compactness). The Gmelina seedling production process, which includes preparing the growing medium, sowing seeds, transplanting, and maintenance (watering, fertilizing, thinning, and pest and disease control), was carried out properly. The evaluation results show that the Gmelina seeds used to produce Gmelina seedlings have a clear origin. The Gmelina seedlings meet the criteria for normal seedlings, which include having a straight and single stem, healthy condition, and a woody stem >50%. The value for normal seedling criteria is 96%, which falls within the SNI 8420:2018 standard of >95%. The average value for special requirements is 99%, which falls within the standard value of SNI 8420:2018, which is >90%. In general, the Gmelina seedlings produced by the Rumpin Nursery already meet the physical quality standards of SNI 8420:2018 and have passed the test.