Ketahanan Penetrasi dan Kekuatan Geser pada Tanah yang diaplikasikan Biochar Bambu dan Limbah Ekstrak Bromelin di Perkebunan Nanas

Abstract

Degradasi tanah akibat budidaya jangka panjang pada lahan perkebunan nanas dapat menurunkan kualitas fisik tanah seperti ketahanan penetrasi dan kekuatan geser yang berdampak pada pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur pengaruh aplikasi biochar bambu dan limbah ekstrak bromelin (LEB) terhadap ketahanan penetrasi dan kekuatan geser tanah di lahan nanas PT. Great Giant Pineapple, Lampung Tengah. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan petak terpisah dengan petak utama yaitu jenis biochar (biochar bambu dan LEB) dan tingkat dosis (0%, 50%, 100% dan 150%). Parameter yang diukur meliputi ketahanan penetrasi tanah, kekuatan geser tanah, bobot isi dan stabilitas agregat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara statistik aplikasi biochar bambu dan LEB pada berbagai dosis tidak memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap ketahanan penetrasi dan kekuatan geser tanah pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Bobot isi tanah memiliki korelasi kuat dengan kekuatan geser, sementara responsivitas ketahanan penetrasi dan kekuatan geser terhadap kadar air pada kedua perlakuan relatif sama, serta hubungan stabilitas agregat negatif, khususnya pada perlakuan LEB. Aplikasi biochar bambu dan LEB berpotensi memperbaiki sifat fisik tanah secara bertahap dan berkelanjutan, tergantung pada karakteristik bahan organik serta interaksi dengan sifat tanah lainnya.

Soil degradation due to long-term cultivation on pineapple plantation land can reduce soil physical qualities, such as penetration resistance and shear strength, which have an impact on plant growth. This study aims to measure the effect of bamboo biochar application and bromelain extract waste (LEB) on penetration resistance and soil shear strength in pineapple fields of PT Great Giant Pineapple, Central Lampung. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design with the main plot being biochar type (bamboo biochar and LEB) and the dosage level (0%, 50%, 100%, and 150%). The measured parameters included soil penetration resistance, soil shear strength, bulk density, and aggregate stability. The results showed that statistically, the application of bamboo biochar and LEB at various doses did not have a significant effect on soil penetration resistance and shear strength at the 95% confidence level. Soil bulk density had a strong correlation with shear strength, while the responsiveness of penetration resistance and shear strength to moisture content in both treatments was relatively similar. The aggregate stability relationship was negative, especially in the LEB treatment. The application of bamboo biochar and LEB has the potential to gradually and sustainably improve soil physical properties, depending on the characteristics of the organic matter and interactions with other soil properties.