Hubungan Frekuensi Konsumsi Fast Food dan Tingkat Stres dengan Kejadian Dismenore Primer pada Remaja Putri di Kota Bandung

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan antara frekuensi konsumsi fast food dan tingkat stres dengan kejadian dismenore primer pada remaja putri di Kota Bandung. Penelitian dilakukan pada November 2024 dengan desain cross sectional melibatkan 84 siswi kelas X SMAN 5 Bandung yang dipilih melalui random sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan kuesioner: FFQ (Food Frequency Questionnaire) untuk konsumsi fast food, ESSA (Educational Stress Scale for Adolescent) untuk tingkat stres, kuesioner karakteristik menstruasi, serta VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) untuk intensitas nyeri. Hasil menunjukkan 96,4% responden mengalami dismenore primer, dengan nyeri sedang sebagai kategori terbanyak (50,0%). Sebanyak 50,0% responden sering mengonsumsi fast food, 53,6% memiliki tingkat stres sedang, dan 50,0% memiliki riwayat dismenore pada ibu. Uji statistik menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara frekuensi konsumsi fast food (p=0,034), tingkat stres (p<0,001; r=0,567), dan riwayat keluarga (p<0,001) dengan kejadian dismenore primer. Kesimpulan: Konsumsi fast food dan stres yang tinggi berperan dalam peningkatan risiko dismenore primer. Saran: Remaja perlu mengurangi konsumsi fast food dan mengelola stres melalui aktivitas relaksasi, sedangkan sekolah dan tenaga kesehatan dapat menyediakan edukasi gizi serta manajemen stres terstruktur.

This study was aimed to analyze the relationship between fast food consumption frequency and stress levels with the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls in Bandung City. Conducted in November 2024, it employed a cross-sectional design involving 84 tenth-grade students of SMAN 5 Bandung selected through random sampling. Data were collected via interviews and questionnaires: FFQ (Food Frequency Questionnaire) for fast food consumption, ESSA (Educational Stress Scale for Adolescent) for stress levels, menstrual characteristics questionnaire, and VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) for pain intensity. Results showed that 96.4% experienced primary dysmenorrhea, with moderate pain being the most common (50.0%). Half of respondents frequently consumed fast food, 53.6% had moderate stress, and 50.0% reported a maternal history of dysmenorrhea. Statistical analysis revealed significant associations between fast food consumption (p=0.034), stress level (p<0.001; r=0.567), and family history (p<0.001) with primary dysmenorrhea. Conclusion: High fast food intake and elevated stress levels contribute to increased risk of primary dysmenorrhea. Suggestion: Adolescents should limit fast food intake and manage stress through relaxation activities, while schools and health professionals should provide structured nutrition and stress management education.