Analisis Vegetasi dan Seed Bank Gulma pada Berbagai Topografi dan Kedalaman Tanah di Perkebunan Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Kebun Kendeng Lembu

Abstract

TRI RAHMA SETIANINGSIH. Analisis Vegetasi dan Seed Bank Gulma pada Berbagai Topografi dan Kedalaman Tanah di Perkebunan Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Kebun Kendeng Lembu. Dibimbing oleh MERRY GLORIA MELIALA dan IIS PURNAMAWATI. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keragaman dan dominasi gulma melalui analisis vegetasi dan seed bank pada perkebunan kakao di Kebun Kendeng Lembu, Banyuwangi. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) dengan dua faktor, yaitu topografi (datar, berombak, bergelombang) dan kedalaman tanah (0–10 cm, >10–20 cm, >20–30 cm). Vegetasi diamati menggunakan kuadran 50×50 cm, sedangkan seed bank dianalisis melalui persemaian tanah di polybag. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi Nisbah Jumlah Dominasi (NJD), indeks keanekaragaman (H’), indeks kesamaan (IS), dan indeks kekayaan (Dmg). Hasil menunjukkan dominasi gulma berbeda pada tiap topografi: Setaria palmifolia dominan di datar, Cyperus kyllingia di berombak, dan Peperomia pellucida di bergelombang. Oxalis barrelieri dominan pada kedalaman >20–30 cm. Indeks keanekaragaman gulma tergolong rendah (H’<1), dengan indeks kekayaan tertinggi pada lahan datar. Topografi berpengaruh terhadap komposisi gulma, sehingga pengendalian gulma perlu disesuaikan dengan kondisi lahan dan karakteristik seed bank. kata kunci: dominasi, keanekaragaman, sebaran spesies

TRI RAHMA SETIANINGSIH. Weed Seed Bank and Vegetation Analysis in Various Topographies and Soil Depths in Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Plantation at Kendeng Lembu Estate. Supervised by MERRY GLORIA MELIALA and IIS PURNAMAWATI. This study aimed to analyze weed diversity and dominance through vegetation and seed bank analysis in a cocoa plantation at Kendeng Lembu Estate, Banyuwangi. The method used was a Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with two factors: topography (flat, undulating, hilly) and soil depth (0–10 cm, >10–20 cm, >20–30 cm). Vegetation was observed using 50×50 cm quadrats, while seed banks were analyzed through soil germination in polybags. Parameters analyzed included Importance Value Index (IVI), Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’), Sorensen similarity index (IS), and Margalef’s richness index (Dmg). Results showed that weed dominance differed across topographies: Setaria palmifolia dominated in flat areas, Cyperus kyllingia in undulating areas, and Peperomia pellucida in hilly areas. Oxalis barrelieri dominated at the depth of >20–30 cm. Weed diversity was categorized as low (H’<1), while the highest species richness was found in flat areas. Topography affected weed composition, indicating that weed management should be adapted to land conditions and seed bank characteristics. keyword: diversity, dominance, species distribution