Efisiensi Penggunaan Air Bibit Kopi Liberika LIM1 pada Variasi Level Intensitas Radiasi dan Interval Penyiraman

Abstract

Kopi Liberika merupakan komoditas potensial yang cocok dikembangkan di lahan marginal seperti lahan gambut karena memiliki daya adaptasi tinggi dan karakteristik buah yang khas. Namun, keberhasilan pertumbuhan bibit sangat dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan air dan intensitas cahaya, terutama dalam kondisi iklim yang tidak menentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat naungan dan interval penyiraman yang paling efektif berdasarkan efisiensi penggunaan air (Water Use Efficiency/WUE) dan pertumbuhan vegetatif bibit Kopi Liberika. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama dua belas bulan di Kebun Penelitian BSIP TRI Sukabumi menggunakan rancangan split plot dalam Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT), dengan dua faktor perlakuan yaitu tingkat naungan (25%, 50%, 75%, dan 90%) dan interval penyiraman (2, 4, 6, dan 8 hari). Penelitian ini terdiri dari 16 kombinasi perlakuan dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat interaksi signifikan antara kedua faktor, namun masing-masing berpengaruh nyata secara independen terhadap parameter pertumbuhan. Interval penyiraman setiap 4 hari (P2) memberikan hasil pertumbuhan vegetatif terbaik, sedangkan naungan 75% (N3) menghasilkan nilai WUE tertinggi. Perlakuan P1 dan P4 menunjukkan penurunan performa dan efisiensi. Penelitian lanjutan disarankan untuk mengkaji produktivitas jangka panjang dan respons fisiologis tanaman guna memperkuat strategi budidaya Kopi Liberika.

Liberica Coffee is a promising commodity for cultivation in marginal areas such as peatlands due to its adaptability and distinctive characteristics. However, seedling growth is highly influenced by water availability and light intensity, particularly under changing climate conditions. This study aimed to identify the most effective shade level and irrigation interval based on water use efficiency (WUE) and vegetative growth of Liberica Coffee seedlings. The experiment was conducted over twelve months at the BSIP TRI Research Garden in Sukabumi using a split-plot design within a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The study involved two factors: shade levels (25%, 50%, 75%, and 90%) and irrigation intervals (every 2, 4, 6, and 8 days), resulting in 16 treatment combinations with three replications. The results showed no significant interaction between the two factors, but each had a significant independent effect on plant growth. Irrigation every 4 days (P2) produced the best vegetative growth, while 75% shade (N3) resulted in the highest water use efficiency. In contrast, over-irrigation (P1) and under-irrigation (P4) led to reduced plant performance and lower WUE values. These findings emphasize the importance of balanced water and light management during the seedling phase. Further research is recommended to evaluate long-term productivity and physiological responses to support more comprehensive strategies for Liberica Coffee cultivation.