STUDI KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL DAN MODEL BISNIS BRIKET SEKAM PADI DAN BONGGOL JAGUNG DI SPP BULOG BOJONEGORO

Abstract

Perum BULOG melalui SPP Bojonegoro menghasilkan limbah sekam padi dari proses modern rice milling sebesar ±8 ton per hari yang belum dimanfaatkan optimal dan berpotensi menimbulkan masalah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan Business Model Canvas (BMC) dan menganalisis kelayakan finansial produksi briket berbahan baku sekam padi dan arang bonggol jagung dengan pendekatan Business to Business (B2B). Metode yang digunakan adalah engineering design process meliputi eksplorasi masalah, pembangkitan alternatif solusi, prototyping, dan evaluasi. Kapasitas produksi dirancang 5 ton/hari sekam padi dengan output ±78.238 briket/hari. Berdasarkan perhitungan, diperoleh harga pokok produksi (HPP) Rp21.417 per unit dan harga jual pasaran Rp30.000. Investasi awal sebesar Rp18,93 miliar dengan biaya operasional tahunan Rp1,75 miliar menghasilkan proyeksi arus kas bersih 10 tahun sebesar Rp71,42 miliar. Hasil analisis finansial menunjukkan NPV Rp29.832.351.596, IRR 30%, B/C ratio 1.58, dan payback period 36 bulan. Analisis sensitivitas menunjukkan usaha tetap layak dijalankan pada skenario kenaikan harga bahan baku variabel (tepung tapioka) sebesar 3% dan 15% dengan penurunan harga jual 5% dan 10%. Namun, penurunan harga jual 15% menyebabkan usaha tidak layak dijalankan. Strategi pemasaran difokuskan pada segmen industri F&B premium, perhotelan, distributor, dan eksportir. Secara keseluruhan, hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa produksi briket sekam padi dan bonggol jagung layak diimplementasikan secara finansial dan memiliki potensi pasar yang kuat.

Perum BULOG, through its SPP Bojonegoro facility, generates approximately 8 tons per day of rice husk waste from the modern rice milling process, which has not been optimally utilized and poses environmental concerns. This study aims to develop a Business Model Canvas (BMC) and assess the financial feasibility of producing briquettes from rice husks and corncob charcoal using a Business to Business (B2B) approach. The methodology employed the engineering design process, including problem exploration, alternative solution generation, prototyping, and evaluation. The designed production capacity is 5 tons/day of rice husks, yielding approximately 78,238 briquettes per day. The calculated cost of goods sold (COGS) is IDR 21,417 per unit, with a market selling price of IDR 30,000. An initial investment of IDR 18.93 billion and annual operating costs of IDR 1.75 billion are projected to generate a 10-year net cash flow of IDR 71.42 billion. Financial analysis results show an NPV of IDR 29,832,351,596, an IRR of 30%, a B/C ratio of 1.58, and a payback period of 36 months. Sensitivity analysis indicates that the project remains feasible under scenarios of variable raw material cost increases (tapioca starch) of 3% and 15% with selling price reductions of 5% and 10%. However, a 15% price reduction renders the project infeasible. The marketing strategy targets premium F&B industries, hospitality, distributors, and exporters. Overall, the study concludes that briquette production from rice husks and corncobs is financially feasible and holds strong market potential.