DAMPAK EKONOMI KAWASAN HUTAN DENGAN PENGELOLAAN KHUSUS TERHADAP ANGGOTA KTH SEJAHTERA BERSAMA DI KABUPATEN BOGOR

Abstract

Rendahnya taraf kesejahteraan masyarakat sekitar hutan menjadi permasalahan yang harus ditangani oleh pemerintah. Peraturan Menteri LHK Nomor 7 Tahun 2021, mengubah program izin pemanfaatan hutan perhutanan sosial (IPHPS) dan pengakuan perlindungan kemitraan kehutanan (Kulin KK) di Pulau Jawa menjadi kawasan hutan dengan pengelolaan khusus (KHDPK). Penetapan ini dirancang untuk memperbaiki produktivitas dan kelestarian hutan dengan melibatkan masyarakat. KTH Sejahtera Bersama di Desa Karangtengah, Kabupaten Bogor, menjadi salah satu kelompok masyarakat yang mendapat izin mengelola KHDPK sejak 2024. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui dampak ekonomi pada masyarakat setelah resmi menggarap di KHDPK. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan rata-rata/tahun petani hutan setelah penetapan KHDPK mengalami kenaikan. Sebelum penetapan KHDPK kesejahteraan mayoritas petani (78,18%) yang dinilai dari pangsa pengeluaran pangan (PPP) tergolong tahan pangan dan setelah adanya KHDPK terjadi peningkatan sebesar 2 %. Berdasarkan Good Service Ratio (GSR), sebelum adanya KHDPK menunjukkan kondisi mayoritas petani hutan (90,91%) masuk kategori kurang sejahtera dan terjadi kenaikan kesejahteraan sebesar 5,91 % setelah penetapan KHDPK. Namun kenaikan kesejahteraan setelah penetapan KHDPK tidak berbeda nyata berdasarkan uji t. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa perubahan penetapan kawasan perhutanan sosial belum memberikan dampak ekonomi yang signifikan.

The low welfare level of the communities around the forests has become an issue that the government must address. Ministerial Regulation LHK Number 7 of 2021 amended the program for the utilization of social forestry utilization permits (IPHPS) and the recognition of forestry partnership protection (Kulin KK) on the island of Java into forest areas with special management (KHDPK). This designation is designed to improve forest productivity and sustainability by involving the community. The Sejahtera Bersama Community Group in Karangtengah Village, Bogor Regency, has become one of the community groups authorized to manage KHDPK since 2024. This research aims to determine the economic impact on the community after officially managing KHDPK. The research results show that the average annual income of forest farmers has increased after the establishment of KHDPK. Before the establishment of KHDPK, the welfare of the majority of farmers (78,18%), assessed from the share of food expenditure (PPP), was categorized as food insecure and after the establishment of KHDPK, there was an increase of 2%. Based on the Good Service Ratio (GSR), before the establishment of KHDPK, the majority of forest farmers (90,91%) were categorized as less prosperous, and there was an increase in welfare of 5,91% after the establishment of KHDPK. However, the increase in welfare after the establishment of KHDPK was not significantly different based on the t-test. This indicates that the change in the designation of social forestry areas has not yet provided a significant economic impact.