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http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/169173| Title: | Identifikasi Penyebab Penyakit Hawar Daun (Cylindrocladium spp.) dan Virulensinya pada Bibit Tanaman Eucalyptus pellita |
| Other Titles: | Identification of Leaf Blight Disease (Cylindrocladium spp.) and Its Virulence in Eucalyptus pellita Seedlings |
| Authors: | Khairani, Hagia Sophia SIregar, Bayo Alhusaeri DESTANANTA, SHAFIRA |
| Issue Date: | 2025 |
| Publisher: | IPB University |
| Abstract: | Eucalyptus pellita merupakan spesies eukaliptus yang umum dibudidayakan oleh perusahaan Hutan Tanaman Industri (HTI). Salah satu penyakit utama yang menyerang tanaman ini adalah hawar daun yang disebabkan oleh cendawan Cylindrocladium spp., dengan tingkat infeksi mencapai 67,5%. Infeksi ini berdampak signifikan terhadap penurunan kuantitas dan kualitas hasil panen, sehingga menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tiga isolat Cylindrocladium spp. dari daun bibit Eucalyptus pellita serta virulensinya. Tahapan dari penelitian ini dimulai dengan isolasi patogen dari daun bergejala bercak kuning yang diikuti bintik-bintik abu-abu lembab pada daun yang berasal dari pembibitan PT Arara Abadi, Provinsi Riau. Karakter morfologi dilakukan dengan mengamati warna koloni dan bentuk konidia. Identifikasi molekuler dilakukan dengan amplifikasi DNA dengan metode PCR menggunakan pasangan primer universal ITS1/ITS4 dilanjutkan dengan perunutan sekuen produk amplifikasi, dan analisis hasil sekuensing menggunakan Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) berdasarkan basis data pada National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Pengujian virulensi dilakukan dengan inokulasi buatan pada dua klon eukaliptus pada bibit berusia 2 bulan dan diamati perkembangan penyakitnya hingga daun gugur. Percobaan dilakukan dengan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga ulangan. Berdasarkan identifikasi secara morfologi dan molekuler, penyebab hawar daun pada bibit E. pellita, yaitu cendawan Cylindrocladium sulawesiensis dan Cylindrocladium pseudoreteaudii. Hasil pengamatan virulensi penyakit ini menunjukkan bahwa pada cendawan C. sulawesiensis memiliki tingkat virulensi lebih tinggi dibandingkan C. pseudoretaudii. Selanjutnya, berdasarkan analisis persentase severitas penyakit dan nilai AUDPC diketahui bahwa klon bibit eukaliptus SM 00361 lebih tahan terhadap penyakit hawar daun dibandingkan klon SM 0077. Eucalyptus pellita is a eucalypt species commonly cultivated by plantation forest companies in Indonesia. One of the major diseases affecting this plant is leaf blight, caused by the fungus Cylindrocladium spp., with an infection rate reaching up to 67,5%. This high infection rates significantly contributes on yield and economic losses. This study aimed to identify three Cylindrocladium isolates collected from diseased E. pellita seedlings and evaluate their virulence. The research began with pathogen isolation from symptomatic leaves showing yellow spots followed by moist grey lesions, collected from the nursery of PT Arara Abadi, Riau Province. Morphological characterization was conducted by observing colony colour, mycelial structure, terminal vesicle and conidial characteristics. Molecular identification was performed through DNA amplification using the PCR method with universal ITS1/ITS4 primers, followed by sequencing of the amplified product and analysis using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) based on the database from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Virulence testing was carried out by artificial inoculation on two eucalyptus clones in two-month-old seedlings, and disease progression was observed until defoliation occurred. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. Based on morphological and molecular identification, the causal agents of leaf blight in E. pellita seedlings were identified as Cylindrocladium sulawesiensis and Cylindrocladium pseudoreteaudii. Virulence observations showed that C. sulawesiensis had higher virulence compared to C. pseudoreteaudii. Furthermore, analysis of disease severity percentage and AUDPC values revealed that eucalyptus clone SM 00361 is more resistant to leaf blight than clone SM 0077. |
| URI: | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/169173 |
| Appears in Collections: | UT - Plant Protection |
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| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cover_A3401211063_a87945e7b8424e4eaf26f1e3ffb31b78.pdf | Cover | 1.03 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| fulltext_A3401211063_d0ac671258054bcf947725b79c67b9f0.pdf Restricted Access | Fulltext | 1.5 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| lampiran_A3401211063_97e85c1a3a5f4ded8ce32b7669984e3b.pdf Restricted Access | Lampiran | 789.07 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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