Karakteristik Pertumbuhan Kandidat Mutan Lamtoro Tarramba (Leucaena leucocephala cv. Tarramba) Generasi M2 Toleran Masam

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur daya bertahan hidup, karakteristik pertumbuhan, dan indeks konsentrasi kandidat mutan lamtoro tarramba generasi M2 hasil iradiasi gamma toleran masam. Sebanyak 39 kandidat mutan hasil kultur jaringan diaklimatisasi pada media zeolit steril hingga umur 4 MST (minggu setelah tanam), dan dipindah tanamkan ke media tanah pH 4,0 selama 26 MST di rumah kaca. Parameter yang diukur meliputi tinggi vertikal, jumlah daun majemuk, jumlah daun per rachilla, dan jumlah cabang. Penelitian dirancang deskriptif kuantitatif, dan data penelitian diuji normalitas (Shapiro-Wilk) serta diolah melalui program IBM SPSS Statistic versi 25. Kandidat mutan unggul ditetapkan berdasarkan rataan indeks konsentrasi >1,00. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah daya bertahan hidup kandidat mutan lamtoro tarramba pada periode aklimatisasi adalah 100% tanpa ada kematian, dan daya bertahan hidup terbaik pada periode pemeliharaan di tanah masam didapatkan oleh GLM (gamma lamtoro mutan) 8 (75%). Karakteristik pertumbuhan kandidat mutan lamtoro tarramba pada media masam pH 4,0 bervariasi. Uji normalitas data parameter tinggi vertikal (0,471), jumlah daun majemuk (0,155), dan jumlah daun per rachilla (0,985) tersebar normal (P>0,05), sedangkan jumlah cabang (0,0001) tidak tersebar normal (P<0,05). Kandidat mutan lamtoro tarramba dengan indeks konsentrasi >1,00 (kategori unggul) di antaranya GLM 9.15, GLM 8.9, GLM 10.12, GLM 9.9, GLM 1.3, GLM 8.15, dan GLM 8.14. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah daya bertahan hidup terbaik pada media masam ditunjukkan oleh GLM 8 (75%), parameter jumlah cabang menunjukkan keragaman tinggi pada uji normalitas (P<0,05), dan tujuh kandidat mutan lamtoro tarramba yang memiliki potensi unggul (nilai tinggi ke rendah) yaitu GLM 9.15, GLM 8.9, GLM 10.12, GLM 9.9, GLM 1.3, GLM 8.15, dan GLM 8.14.

This study aims to measure the survival rate, growth characteristics, and concentration index of lamtoro tarramba M2 generation from gamma irradiation to acid stress. A total of 39 mutant candidates aged 4 weeks after tissue culture were acclimatized on sterile zeolite media, and transferred to pH 4.0 soil media for 26 weeks in a greenhouse. Parameters measured included vertical height, number of compound leaves, number of leaflets, and number of branches. The study was designed as quantitative descriptive, and research data were tested for normality (Shapiro-Wilk) and analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistic verse 25 program. Superior mutant candidates were determined based on the average concentration index >1.00. The results of this study showed that the survival rate of lamtoro tarramba mutant candidates during the acclimatization period was 100%, with no mortality observed. The highest survival rate during the maintenance period in acidic soil conditions was recorded in GLM (gamma lamtoro mutant) 8 (75%). The growth characteristics of the lamtoro tarramba mutant candidates in acidic media (pH 4.0) varied. Result from normality test of data for vertical height (0.471), number of compound leaves (0.155), and number of leaflets per rachilla (0.985) were normally distributed (P>0.05), whereas the number of branches (0.0001) was not normally distributed (P<0.05). The lamtoro tarramba mutant candidates with a concentration index >1.00 (superior category) included GLM 9.15, GLM 8.9, GLM 10.12, GLM 9.9, GLM 1.3, GLM 8.15, and GLM 8.14. The conclusions of this research are the best survival results in acid media is GLM (gamma lamtoro mutant) 8 plants (75%), normality test showed high diversity for the number of branches parameter (P<0.05), and seven mutant candidates with superior categories were obtained, namely (high to low values) GLM 9.15, GLM 8.9, GLM 10.12, GLM 9.9, GLM 1.3, GLM 8.15, and GLM 8.14.