Pengelolaan Kesejahteraan, Tingkat Kesejahteraan dan Nilai Ekonomi Pakan Macan Tutul Jawa di Taman Safari Indonesia, Bogor

Abstract

Macan tutul jawa (Panthera pardus melas) merupakan karnivora endemik Jawa yang populasinya terancam, sehingga perlu dilestarikan melalui konservasi ex-situ di lembaga konservasi seperti Taman Safari Indonesia (TSI). Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pengelolaan dan menilai tingkat kesejahteraan macan tutul jawa di TSI, menghitung rataan konsumsi pakan dan nilai ekonomi pakan bulanan. Penelitian dilakukan pada 10 - 24 Maret 2025, menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, pengukuran kandang, suhu, kelembaban, serta penimbangan pakan awal dan sisa. Analisis data dilakukan secara kuantitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan kesejahteraan satwa sudah dilakukan dengan baik dengan nilai tingkat kesejahteraan macan tutul jawa tergolong "sangat baik" dengan nilai terbobot 92,40 – 93,61. Rataan jumlah konsumsi pakan macan tutul jantan 1,48 kg/ekor/hari dan betina 1,23 kg/ekor/hari. Total biaya pakan bulanan untuk enam individu sebesar Rp7.032.000,- yang artinya dana yang perlu dipersiapkan untuk satu individu macan tutul jawa per tahun sebesar Rp14.064.000,- atau enam individu sebesar Rp84.384.000,-.

The Javan leopard (Panthera pardus melas) is an endemic carnivore of Java whose population is threatened, so it needs to be preserved through ex-situ conservation in conservation institutions such as Taman Safari Indonesia (TSI). This study aims to describe the management and assess the welfare of Javan leopards at TSI, calculate the average feed consumption and the monthly economic value of feed. The study was conducted from March 10 to 24, 2025, using observation techniques, interviews, cage measurements, temperature and humidity readings, as well as initial and residual feed weighing. Data analysis was performed using quantitative descriptive methods. The results of the study indicate that animal welfare management has been carried out well, with the welfare level of Javan leopards classified as “very good” with a weighted score of 92,40 – 93,61. The average daily feed consumption for male leopards was 1,48 kg/individual/day and for females 1,23 kg/individual/day. The total monthly feed cost for six individuals is Rp7.032.000, meaning the funds required per year for one Javan leopard individual are Rp14.064.000, or Rp84.384.000 for six individuals.