Analisis Keterkaitan Antara Sebaran Objek Wisata Dan Perkembangan Wilayah Kabupaten Banyuwangi

Abstract

Pariwisata berperan strategis dalam mendorong ekonomi lokal dan pembangunan wilayah. Meski pariwisata Banyuwangi tumbuh pesat, sebaran tingkat pengembangan objek wisata di wilayah ini belum teridentifikasi untuk seluruh kecamatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi sebaran objek wisata, menilai potensi pengembangannya, menganalisis tingkat perkembangan wilayah, serta mengkaji keterkaitan keduanya. Lokasi studi berada di 25 kecamatan di Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Metode analisis yang digunakan meliputi analisis spasial, analisis scoring, analisis skalogram, dan analisis tipologi Klassen. Objek wisata diklasifikasikan berdasarkan jenisnya, yaitu wisata alam, wisata buatan, wisata budaya/sejarah, dan wisata religi. Ditemukan bahwa wisata alam merupakan jenis yang paling dominan karena Banyuwangi memiliki kekayaan alam yang melimpah seperti pantai, gunung, dan taman nasional. Sementara itu, wisata religi merupakan yang paling sedikit karena jumlah situs keagamaan yang dikembangkan sebagai destinasi wisata masih terbatas. Melalui analisis scoring, dari 113 objek wisata, 36 sudah berkembang (paling banyak di Kecamatan Banyuwangi) dan 74 berpotensi untuk dikembangkan (paling banyak di Kecamatan Pesanggaran). Analisis skalogram menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata IPK meningkat dari 27,084 (2019) menjadi 29,427 (2024), yang mengindikasikan adanya perbaikan dalam pemerataan fasilitas antar kecamatan, meskipun konsentrasi tertinggi tetap berada di Kecamatan Banyuwangi. Analisis tipologi Klassen menunjukkan bahwa hanya 6 kecamatan yang berada di Kuadran I (IPP tinggi, IPK tinggi), yaitu Banyuwangi, Tegaldlimo, Muncar, Glenmore, Kalipuro, dan Wongsorejo. Keenam kecamatan tersebut merupakan wilayah yang tergolong maju secara pembangunan sekaligus berkembang pesat dalam sektor pariwisata, sehingga ideal menjadi pusat pertumbuhan. 5 kecamatan di Kuadran II (potensi wisata tinggi, infrastruktur rendah), 6 kecamatan di Kuadran III (infrastruktur tinggi, potensi wisata rendah), dan 8 kecamatan di Kuadran IV (rendah pada keduanya). Hasil ini menunjukkan adanya keterkaitan erat antara sebaran objek wisata dan tingkat perkembangan wilayah, di mana pembangunan dan pariwisata perlu berjalan seiring agar pembangunan benar-benar inklusif dan tepat sasaran.

Tourism plays a strategic role in driving local economic growth and regional development. Although tourism in Banyuwangi has grown rapidly, the distribution and development levels of tourist attractions across all sub-districts have yet to be fully identified. This study aims to identify the distribution of tourist attractions, assess their development potential, analyze the level of regional development, and examine the relationship between the two. The study covers 25 sub-districts in Banyuwangi Regency. The analytical methods employed include spatial analysis, scoring analysis, scalogram analysis, and Klassen typology analysis. Tourist attractions are classified into four types: natural tourism, artificial tourism, cultural/historical tourism, and religious tourism. The findings reveal that natural tourism is the most dominant type, as Banyuwangi is endowed with abundant natural assets such as beaches, mountains, and national parks. In contrast, religious tourism is the least common, due to the limited number of religious sites developed as tourist destinations. Based on the scoring analysis, of the 113 tourist attractions identified, 36 are considered developed (with the highest concentration in Banyuwangi Sub-district), while 74 are deemed to have development potential (mostly located in Pesanggaran Sub-district). The scalogram analysis shows that the average Regional Development Index (IPK) increased from 27.084 in 2019 to 29.427 in 2024, indicating improvements in the distribution of facilities among sub districts, although the highest concentration remains in Banyuwangi Sub-district. The Klassen typology analysis reveals that only six sub-districts fall into Quadrant I (high tourism index and high development index): Banyuwangi, Tegaldlimo, Muncar, Glenmore, Kalipuro, and Wongsorejo. These six are considered both well developed and rapidly growing in the tourism sector, making them ideal as growth centers. Five sub-districts are in Quadrant II (high tourism potential, low infrastructure), six in Quadrant III (high infrastructure, low tourism potential), and eight in Quadrant IV (low on both). These results indicate a strong relationship between the distribution of tourist attractions and the level of regional development, emphasizing the need for tourism and development efforts to progress in tandem in order to achieve truly inclusive and well-targeted regional development.