Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/168540
Title: Kompleksitas Ekonomi di Negara G20: Peran Keterbukaan Perdagangan dan Foreign Direct Investment
Other Titles: Economic Complexity in G20 Countries: The Role of Trade Openness and Foreign Direct Investment
Authors: Irawan, Tony
Albani, Rava Khalifah
Issue Date: 2025
Publisher: IPB University
Abstract: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap hubungan antara keterbukaan perdagangan dan arus masuk Foreign direct investment (FDI) terhadap kompleksitas ekonomi pada negara anggota G20 selama periode 2010–2022. Kompleksitas ekonomi diukur melalui Economic complexity index (ECI) yang mencerminkan keragaman dan kecanggihan struktur ekspor suatu negara. Dengan menggunakan model panel dinamis Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), penelitian ini menemukan bahwa keterbukaan perdagangan berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan secara statistik terhadap ECI, menunjukkan bahwa strategi untuk meningkatkan keterbukaan perdagangan tidak serta merta akan meningkatkan kompleksitas ekonomi, justru dapat menurunkan kompleksitas ekonomi jika struktur ekspornya bergantung kepada komoditas primer. Demikian pula, FDI memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan secara statistik terhadap ECI, yang mengindikasikan bahwa arus investasi asing lebih banyak mengalir ke sektor-sektor bernilai tambah rendah dan belum mampu mendorong upgrading struktur industri secara efektif. Namun, nilai parameter interaksi yang positif menunjukkan bahwa dampak negatif dari FDI terhadap kompleksitas ekonomi akan menjadi lebih kecil seiring dengan peningkatan keterbukaan perdagangan.
This study aims to examine the relationship between trade openness and inward foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic complexity in G20 countries over the period 2010–2022. Economic complexity is measured using the Economic Complexity Index (ECI), which reflects the diversity and sophistication of a country’s export structure. Employing a dynamic panel model using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), the findings reveal that trade openness has a negative and statistically significant effect on ECI. This suggests that strategies to enhance trade openness do not automatically lead to higher economic complexity and may, in fact, reduce it when export structures are heavily reliant on primary commodities. Similarly, FDI also shows a negative and statistically significant impact on ECI, indicating that foreign investments tend to flow into low value-added sectors and have not effectively driven industrial upgrading. However, the positive coefficient of the interaction term suggests that the negative impact of FDI on economic complexity diminishes as trade openness increases.
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/168540
Appears in Collections:UT - Economics and Development Studies

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