Keanekaragaman dan Pola Sebaran Spesies Tumbuhan Asing Berpotensi Invasif di Kawasan Karst Gunung Cibodas Kabupaten Bogor

Abstract

Spesies tumbuhan asing invasif (Invasive Alien Plant Species) merupakan spesies tumbuhan asing yang masuk ke dalam suatu habitat baru di luar habitat alaminya yang kemudian mampu mendominasi habitat tersebut dan merusak keseimbangan ekosistem. Gunung Cibodas merupakan kawasan karst yang terletak di Kecamatan Ciampea, Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman dan pola sebaran spesies tumbuhan asing invasif di kawasan karst Gunung Cibodas. Metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan yaitu dengan analisis vegetasi, eksplorasi, dan studi literatur yang kemudian dianalisis secara kuantitatif. Tumbuhan asing berpotensi invasif yang teridentifikasi ebanyak 25 spesies yang seluruhnya memiliki pola sebaran mengelompok di kawasan karst Gunung Cibodas dengan komposisi 21 spesies ditemukan melalui metode analisis vegetasi dan 4 spesies ditemukan melalui metode eksplorasi. Tumbuhan asing berpotensi invasif yang paling berdampak secara global ditemukan di Gunung Cibodas sebanayak 5, yaitu Chromolaena odorata, Clidemia hirta, Mikania micrantha, Cecropia peltata, dan Leucaena leucocephala.

Invasive Alien Plant Species are alien plant species that enter a new habitat outside their natural habitat which are then able to dominate the habitat and disrupt the balance of the ecosystem. Mount Cibodas is a karst area located in Ciampea District, Bogor Regency. The study aims to identify the diversity and distribution patterns of invasive alien plant species in the karst area of Mount Cibodas. The data collection methods used were vegetation analysis, exploration, and literature studies which were then analyzed quantitatively. 25 potentially invasive alien plants were identified, all of which have a clustered distribution pattern in the karst area of Mount Cibodas with a composition of 21 species found through vegetation analysis methods and 4 species found through exploration methods. 5 potentially invasive alien plants with the most impact globally were found in Mount Cibodas, namely Chromolaena odorata, Clidemia hirta, Mikania micrantha, Cecropia peltata, and Leucaena leucocephala.