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http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/166981Full metadata record
| DC Field | Value | Language |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | Mardiastuti, Ani | - |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Sunkar, Arzyana | - |
| dc.contributor.author | Putra, Harits Yowansyah Pandayu | - |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-08-07T09:07:09Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2025-08-07T09:07:09Z | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2025 | - |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/166981 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | Rangkong (famili: Bucerotidae) adalah kelompok burung dilindungi berdasarkan Permen LHK No. 20 Tahun 2018. Burung ini penting dalam regenerasi hutan sebagai penyebar benih dan memiliki nilai budaya tinggi bagi masyarakat Dayak sebagai simbol keagungan dan kesuburan. Rangkong digambarkan dalam seni dan arsitektur adat. Namun, salah satu jenis rangkong yaitu rangkong gading (Rhinoplax vigil) terancam akibat perburuan dan perdagangan ilegal karena nilai ekonominya. Startegi Rencana Aksi Konservasi telah disusun, tetapi partisipasi masyarakat lokal serta pendekatan etnoornitologi menjadi kunci pelestarian dan dokumentasi pengetahuan tradisional yang mulai terpinggirkan modernisasi. Penelitian ini mengkaji pengetahuan dan pemanfaatan burung rangkong oleh masyarakat Dayak Iban di Desa Menua Sadap yang merupakan desa penyangga Taman Nasional Betung Kerihun-Danau Sentarum (TNBK-DS), termasuk nilai budaya, perubahan pemanfaatan, serta persepsi terhadap perburuan dan perdagangan ilegal, khususnya rangkong gading. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, kuesioner, observasi, dan studi pustaka, dengan fokus pada empat aspek: pengetahuan lokal, pemanfaatan, perubahan paradigma, serta perburuan dan perdagangan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan statistik dan deskriptif, pendekatan spesies kunci budaya, index cultural significance, dan analisis skala Likert. Masyarakat Dayak di Desa Menua Sadap mengenali 7 dari 8 jenis rangkong yang terdapat di Kalimantan Barat yaitu rangkong gading (Rhinoplax vigil), rangkong badak (Buceros rhinoceros), julang emas (Rhyticerus undulatus), enggang jambul (Berenicornis comatus), kangkareng hitam (Anthracoceros malayanus), kangkareng perut putih (Anthracoceros albirostris), dan enggang klihingan (Anorrhinus galeritus). Terdapat satu jenis rangkong yang tidak diketahui nama lokalnya dan belum pernah dilihat oleh masyarakat yaitu julang jambul hitam (Rhabdotorrhinus corrugatus). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa rangkong badak merupakan spesies kunci budaya bagi masyarakat Dayak dengan skor 12 dan index cultural significance sebesar 64. Spesies ini berperan penting secara simbolik, spiritual, dan dalam upacara adat. Rangkong gading memperoleh skor spesies kunci budaya sebesar 8 dan index cultural significance sebesar 22, menandakan nilai ekonomi yang signifikan meskipun tidak dimanfaatkan secara adat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 62% keluarga memiliki orang tua yang mengetahui tentang rangkong, tetapi tidak demikian dengan anak-anak mereka, menandakan keterputusan transfer pengetahuan antargenerasi. Hanya 11% keluarga yang menunjukkan kesamaan pengetahuan antara orang tua dan anak, sementara 27% tidak memiliki pengetahuan sama sekali. Uji chi-square menghasilkan nilai 2.882 dengan signifikansi 0.090, menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara pengetahuan orang tua dan anak tentang rangkong tidak signifikan secara statistik pada taraf 5% (p > 0,05), sehingga tidak terdapat korelasi yang kuat antara keduanya. Sebanyak 60% responden tidak mengetahui adanya perburuan dan perdagangan ilegal rangkong gading, sementara 40% menyatakan mengetahui. Temuan ini menunjukkan rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat terhadap ancaman terhadap spesies ini. Dari responden yang mengetahui, 42% adalah pemburu, menjadikan mereka kelompok dengan tingkat pengetahuan tertinggi tentang aktivitas ilegal tersebut. Sebanyak 42% dari kelompok ini mengetahui harga rangkong gading, dan seluruhnya merupakan pemburu. Profesi lain seperti petani, pengrajin besi, wirausaha, dan petugas resort tidak mengetahui harga satwa ini. Semua pemburu yang mengetahui harga mengaku pernah terlibat dalam perburuan, dengan alasan karena mendapat tawaran dari pihak luar, khususnya dari Kota Pontianak dan Putussibau. Hasil dari persepsi responden menunjukkan total skor sebesar 4091 berada pada rentang skor 3673-4536 dan rata-rata skor 227,3 berada pada rentang kelas 205-252 termasuk kedalam katagori S atau “setuju” Jadi, secara keseluruhan, masyarakat setuju bahwa rangkong memberikan dampak ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan. | - |
| dc.description.abstract | Rangkong (famili: Bucerotidae) is a group of protected birds under Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. 20 of 2018. These birds are important in forest regeneration as seed dispersers and hold high cultural value for the Dayak people as symbols of majesty and fertility. Rangkong are depicted in traditional art and architecture. However, one species of rangkong, the helmeted hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil), is threatened by hunting and illegal trade due to its economic value. A Conservation Action Plan has been developed, but local community participation and an ethno-ornithological approach are key to conservation and the documentation of traditional knowledge that is increasingly being marginalized by modernization. This study examines the knowledge and utilization of hornbills by the Dayak Iban community in Menua Sadap Village, a buffer village for Betung Kerihun-Danau Sentarum National Park (TNBK-DS), including cultural values, changes in utilization, and perceptions of illegal hunting and trade, particularly of ivory hornbills. Data was collected through interviews, questionnaires, observations, and literature reviews, focusing on four aspects: local knowledge, utilization, paradigm shifts, and hunting and trade. Data analysis was conducted using statistical and descriptive methods, the cultural keystone species approach, the index cultural significance, and Likert scale analysis. The Dayak community in Menua Sadap Village recognizes 7 of the 8 species of hornbills found in West Kalimantan, namely the helmeted hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil), the rhinoceros hornbill (Buceros rhinoceros), the wreathed hornbill (Rhyticerus undulatus), the white-crested hornbill (Berenicornis comatus), the asian black hornbill (Anthracoceros malayanus), the oriental pied hornbill (Anthracoceros albirostris) and the bushycrested hornbill (Anorrhinus galeritus). There is one hornbill species whose local name is unknown and has never been seen by the community, namely the wrinkled hornbill (Rhabdotorrhinus corrugatus). The analysis results show that the rhinoceros hornbill is a cultural keystone species for the Dayak community with a score of 12 and a index cultural significance of 64. This species plays an important role symbolically, spiritually, and in traditional ceremonies. The helmeted hornbill obtained a cultural keystone species score of 8 and a index cultural significance of 22, indicating significant economic value even though it is not used in traditional ceremonies. The results of the study show that 62% of families have parents who know about hornbills, but this is not the case with their children, indicating a disconnect in intergenerational knowledge transfer. Only 11% of families show similarities in knowledge between parents and children, while 27% have no knowledge at all. The chi-square test yielded a value of 2.882 with a significance of 0.090, indicating that the relationship between parents' and children's knowledge about hornbills is not statistically significant at the 5% level (p > 0.05), thus there is no strong correlation between the two. Sixty percent of respondents were unaware of the illegal hunting and trade of helmeted hornbill, while 40% stated that they were aware. These findings indicate a low level of public awareness of the threats to this species. Of those respondents who were aware, 42% were hunters, making them the group with the highest level of knowledge about these illegal activities. Forty-two percent of this group knew the price of helmeted hornbills, and all of them were hunters. Other professions such as farmers, iron craftsmen, entrepreneurs, and resort staff did not know the price of this animal. All hunters who knew the price admitted to having been involved in hunting, citing offers from outside parties, particularly from the cities of Pontianak and Putussibau. The results of the respondents' perceptions show a total score of 4,091 within the range of 3,673–4,536 and an average score of 227.3 within the range of 205–252, falling into category S or “agree.” Therefore, overall, the community agrees that hornbills have economic, social, and environmental impacts. | - |
| dc.description.sponsorship | null | - |
| dc.language.iso | id | - |
| dc.publisher | IPB University | id |
| dc.title | Etnoornitologi Rangkong Pada Masyarakat Dayak Iban Desa Penyangga Taman Nasional Betung Kerihun-Danau Sentarum | id |
| dc.title.alternative | Ethnoornithology of Hornbills in the Dayak Iban Community of Buffer Village, Betung Kerihun-Danau Sentarum National Park | - |
| dc.type | Tesis | - |
| dc.subject.keyword | perburuan ilegal | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | Taman Nasional | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | Dayak Iban | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | rangkong | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | spesies kunci budaya | id |
| Appears in Collections: | MT - Forestry | |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cover_E3501211011_14c605790870401f808edaf1376a2add.pdf | Cover | 689.46 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| fulltext_E3501211011_3013c82164cb4111ad037a9a91ab2edb.pdf Restricted Access | Fulltext | 2.62 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| lampiran_E3501211011_42a56fe6cf294226982c4ef91fa11416.pdf Restricted Access | Lampiran | 181.38 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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