Efektivitas Beberapa Jenis Fungisida Terhadap Pengendalian Penyakit Bercak Daun Bibit Kelapa Sawit di PT. Aek Tarum, Sumatera Selatan

Abstract

HENDRA ALFAREZA. Efektivitas Beberapa Jenis Fungisida Terhadap Pengendalian Penyakit Bercak Daun Bibit Kelapa Sawit di PT. Aek Tarum, Sumatera Selatan. Dibimbing oleh MERRY GLORIA MELIALA. Pembibitan kelapa sawit merupakan tahap awal yang menentukan keberhasilan produksi, namun rentan terhadap penyakit bercak daun akibat Curvularia sp. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas beberapa jenis fungisida dalam mengendalikan penyakit bercak daun Curvularia sp. pada bibit kelapa sawit di PT. Aek Tarum, Sumatera Selatan. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan, melibatkan 210 bibit. Parameter yang diamati meliputi: tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah pelepah, scoring, insidensi serangan, dan tingkat keparahan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi fungisida P6 (mankozeb+klorotalonil) paling efektif, menurunkan scoring penyakit hingga 1,33 dan keparahan bercak hingga 3,05% pada pengamatan keenam, serta meningkatkan diameter batang sebesar 0,350 cm. Korelasi negatif antara diameter dan insidensi penyakit (r= –0,225; p = 0,032) menunjukkan bahwa pengendalian penyakit berkontribusi terhadap pertumbuhan morfologis tanaman. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penggunaan fungisida kombinasi sebagai strategi pengendalian bercak daun yang efektif dan terintegrasi dalam pembibitan kelapa sawit.

HENDRA ALFAREZA. Effectiveness of Several Fungicides on Leaf Spot Disease Control of Oil Palm Seedlings at PT. Aek Tarum, South Sumatra. Supervised by MERRY GLORIA MELIALA. Oil palm nurseries are the initial stage that determines the success of production, but are vulnerable to leaf spot disease caused by Curvularia sp. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of several types of fungicides in controlling Curvularia sp. leaf spot disease on oil palm seedlings at PT. Aek Tarum, South Sumatra. The study used a completely randomized complete group design (RKLT) with 6 treatments and 3 replications, involving 210 seedlings. The parameters observed included plant height, stem diameter, number of fronds, scoring, incidence of attack, and severity. Results showed that the fungicide combination P6 (mankozeb + chlorothalonil) was most effective, reducing disease scoring to 1.33 and spot severity to 3.05% by the sixth observation, and increasing stem diameter by 0.350 cm. The negative correlation between diameter and disease incidence (r = -0.225; p = 0.032) indicated that disease control contributed to the morphological growth of the plant. This study recommends the use of combination fungicides as an effective and integrated leaf spot control strategy in oil palm nurseries.