Validasi Metode Analisis Kadar Itrium Terlarut dalam Air secara Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry

Abstract

Itrium (Y), unsur tanah jarang yang berpotensi toksik bagi organisme perairan meskipun dalam kadar sangat rendah. Studi toksikologi menunjukkan dampak pada Daphnia magna dan Oncorhynchus mykiss pada konsentrasi 0,005–0,05 µg/L. Meskipun belum terdapat batas maksimum resmi menurut regulasi nasional maupun internasional, pemantauan kandungan itrium dalam air tetap penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan dan memvalidasi metode analisis itrium terlarut menggunakan ICP-OES. Validasi dilakukan terhadap matriks air sungai dan danau berdasarkan parameter linearitas, batas deteksi (BD), batas kuantitasi (BK), presisi, akurasi, ketahanan, ketangguhan, dan selektivitas sesuai pedoman Eurachem 2014 dan US EPA 200.7. Metode ini menggunakan panjang gelombang 371,029 nm dan menunjukkan linearitas sangat baik (r = 0,9998) pada rentang 0,005–0,500 mg/L. Nilai BD dan BK masing-masing sebesar 0,005 mg/L dan 0,01 mg/L. Presisi dan akurasi memenuhi standar AOAC 2016. Metode ini valid dan dapat digunakan untuk analisis itrium terlarut dalam air sungai dan danau.

Yttrium (Y), a rare earth element that was considered potentially toxic to aquatic organisms even at very low concentrations. Toxicological studies had shown its effects on Daphnia magna and Oncorhynchus mykiss at levels of 0.005–0.05 µg/L. Although no official maximum limit for yttrium in water had been established by national or international regulations, monitoring its presence was deemed important. This study was aimed at developing and validating a method for determining dissolved yttrium using ICP-OES. Validation was carried out on river and lake water matrices using parameters such as linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), precision, accuracy, robustness, ruggedness, and selectivity, following Eurachem 2014 and US EPA Method 200.7 guidelines. The method employed an maximum wavelength of 371.029 nm and showed excellent linearity (r = 0.9998) over the range of 0.005–0.500 mg/L. The LOD and LOQ were 0.005 mg/L and 0.01 mg/L, respectively. Precision and accuracy met AOAC 2016 acceptance criteria. The method was validated and considered suitable for determining dissolved yttrium in river and lake water.